NDLI: Composition of primary kimberlite magma: constraints from melting and diamond dissolution experiments

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Sokol, A. G. Khokhryakov, A. F. Palyav, Yu. N.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Experiments are applied to constrain the composition of primary kimberlitic magmas which were in equilibrium with lithospheric peridotite and could resorb the entrained diamond to form typical dissolution features. The experiments are run on samples of a model carbonatite and a melt of the Udachnaya kimberlite at 6.3 GPa and 1400 °C, and at unbuffered or Re–ReO2-buffered oxygen fugacity (1–2 log units above Ni–NiO). Near-liquidus dry Fe3+-free carbonatitic melt (derived from carbonated harzburgite) is saturated with the Ol–Grt–Opx–Mgs assemblage and is almost inert to diamond. Carbonatitic melts that bear 4.6–6.8 wt% Fe2O3 or 1.5 wt% H2O are in equilibrium only with Mgs ± Ol near the liquidus. Dissolution of diamond by these melts produces surface textures uncommon (corrosion sculptures) or common (negative-oriented trigons, shield-shaped laminae and elongate hillocks) to kimberlitic diamonds. The near-liquidus melt of the Udachnaya kimberlite (Yakutia) with 10–12 wt% H2O is saturated with the Ol–Grt–Cpx assemblage and may result from melting of carbonated garnet-bearing wehrlite. Hydrous kimberlitic melt likewise resorbs diamonds forming typical negative-oriented trigons, shield-shaped laminae and elongate hillocks on their surfaces. Therefore, the melts that could originate in the thermal conditions of subcratonic lithosphere, entrain diamond and dissolve it to produce dissolution features on crystal surfaces, were compositionally close to kimberlite (16–19 wt% SiO2) and rich in H2O. Dry Fe3+-bearing carbonatites with fO2 controlled by the ferric/ferrous equilibrium slightly above the Ni–NiO buffer cannot be diamond carriers.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	18
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00107999
Journal	Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology
Volume Number	170
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14320967
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-08-28
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Experiment Mantle Kimberlite Magma Water Fluid Diamond dissolution Etch forms Geology Mineral Resources Mineralogy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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