NDLI: Experimental constraints on rhyolite-MELTS and the Late Bishop Tuff magma body

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gardner, James E. Befus, Kenneth S. Gualda, Guilherme A. R. Ghiorso, Mark S.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Thermodynamic models are vital tools to evaluate magma crystallization and storage conditions. Before their results can be used independently, however, they must be verified with controlled experimental data. Here, we use a set of hydrothermal experiments on the Late-erupted Bishop Tuff (LBT) magma to evaluate the rhyolite-MELTS thermodynamic model, a modified calibration of the original MELTS model optimized for crystallization of silicic magmas. Experimental results that are well captured by rhyolite-MELTS include a relatively narrow temperature range separating the crystallization of the first felsic mineral and the onset of the ternary minimum (quartz plus two feldspars), and extensive crystallization over a narrow temperature range once the ternary minimum is reached. The model overestimates temperatures by ~40 °C, a known limitation of rhyolite-MELTS. At pressures below 110 MPa, model and experiments differ in the first felsic phase, suggesting that caution should be exercised when applying the model to very low pressures. Our results indicate that for quartz, sanidine, plagioclase, magnetite, and ilmenite to crystallize in equilibrium from LBT magma, magma must have been stored at ≤740 °C, even when a substantial amount of CO2 occurs in the coexisting fluid. Such temperatures are in conflict with the hotter temperatures retrieved from magnetite–ilmenite compositions (~785 °C for the sample used in the experiments). Consistent with other recent studies, we suggest that the Fe–Ti oxide phases in the Late Bishop Tuff magma body are not in equilibrium with the other minerals and thus the retrieved temperature and oxygen fugacity do not reflect pre-eruptive storage conditions.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00107999
Journal	Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology
Volume Number	168
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14320967
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-08-13
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Rhyolite Thermodynamic model Explosive eruptions Experimental petrology Geology Mineral Resources Mineralogy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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