NDLI: Strength of single-crystal orthopyroxene under lithospheric conditions

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ohuchi, Tomohiro Karato, Shun ichiro Fuji, Kiyoshi
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Creep strength of oriented orthopyroxene single crystals was investigated via shear deformation experiments under lithospheric conditions [P (pressure) = 1.3 GPa and T (temperature) = 973–1,373 K]. For the A-orientation (shear direction [001] on (100) plane), the samples have transformed completely to clinoenstatite and much of the deformation occurred after transformation. In contrast, for the B-orientation (shear direction [001] on (010) plane), samples remained orthoenstatite and deformation occurred through dislocation motion in orthoenstatite. The strength of orthopyroxene with these orientations is smaller than for olivine aggregates under all experimental conditions. Flow of the B-orientation samples is described by a power-law, and the pre-exponential constant, the apparent activation energy, and the stress exponent are determined to be A = 10−9.5 s−1·MPa−4.2, Q = 114 kJ/mol and n = 4.2. However, for the A-orientation, the results cannot be fit by a single flow law and we obtained the following: A = 108.9 s−1·MPa−3.0, Q = 459 kJ/mol and n = 3.0 at high temperatures (≥1,173 K), and A = 10−27.4 s−1·MPa−14.3, Q = 296 kJ/mol and n = 14.3 at low temperatures (<1,173 K). The stress exponent for the low-temperature regime is high, suggesting that deformation involves some processes where the activation energy decreases with stress such as the Peierls mechanism. Our study shows that orthopyroxene with these orientations is significantly weaker than olivine under the lithospheric conditions suggesting that orthopyroxene may reduce the strength of the lithosphere, although the extent to which orthopyroxene weakens the lithosphere depends on its orientation and connectivity.
Starting Page	961
Ending Page	975
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00107999
Journal	Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology
Volume Number	161
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	14320967
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-09-02
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Orthopyroxene Orthoenstatite Clinoenstatite Olivine Lithosphere Mineralogy Mineral Resources Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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