NDLI: An Archean arc basalt–Nb-enriched basalt–adakite association: the 2.7 Ga Confederation assemblage of the Birch

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Reply to the comment by J. Hergt on the paper “Enriched mantle – Dupal signature in the genesis of the Jurassic Ferrar tholeiites from Prince Albert Mountains (Victoria Land, Antarctica)” by Antonini et al. (Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 136: 1–19, 1999)

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An Archean arc basalt–Nb-enriched basalt–adakite association: the 2.7 Ga Confederation assemblage of the Birch–Uchi greenstone belt, Superior Province

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hollings, P. Kerrich, R.
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	The Uchi subprovince of the Archean Superior Province is a series of greenstone belts extending 600 km east–west along the southern margin of the North Caribou Terrane protocontinent. The 2.7 Ga Confederation tectonostratigraphic assemblage of the Birch–Uchi greenstone belt, northwest Ontario, is dominated by volcanic suites of mafic, intermediate and felsic composition. Tholeiitic basalts range compositionally from Mg# 59–26 evolving continuously to greater REE contents (La=2–19 ppm; Th/Lapm˜1), with small negative Nb anomalies. Primitive tholeiites are similar to modern intraoceanic arc basalts, whereas evolved members extend to greater concentrations of Ti, Zr, V, Sc, and Y, and lower Ti/Zr, but higher Ti/Sc and Ti/V ratios characteristic of back arc basalts. Calc-alkaline basalts to dacites are characterised by more fractionated REE (La/Ybn=1–8), high Th/Nbpm ratios and deeper negative Nb anomalies; they plot with modern oceanic arc basalts and some may qualify as high magnesium andesites. The two suites are interpreted as a paired arc–back arc sequence. A third group of Nb-enriched basalts (NEB; Nb=9–18 ppm) extend to extremely high TiO2, Ta, P2O5, Sc and V contents, with strongly fractionated REE and ratios of Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf greater than primitive mantle values whereas Zr/Sm ratios are lower. The most abundant rhyolitic suite has extremely enriched but flat trace element patterns and is interpreted as strongly fractionated tholeiitic basalt liquids. A second group are compositionally similar to Cenozoic adakites and Archean high-Al, high-La/Ybn tonalites; they possess Yb ≤ 0.4 ppm, Y ≤ 6 ppm and Sc ≤ 8 ppm, with La/Ybn of 19–30 and Zr/Sm of 50–59. They are interpreted as melts of ocean lithosphere basaltic crust in a hot shallow subduction zone. Adakites are associated with NEB in Cenozoic arcs where there is shallow subduction of young and/or hot ocean lithosphere, often with oblique subduction. Slab melt adakites erupt, or metasomatise sub-arc mantle peridotite to generate an HFSE-enriched source that subsequently melts during induced mantle convection. The Archean adakite–NEB association erupted during development of the tholeiitic to calc-alkaline arc and its associated back arc. Their coexistence in the Confederation assemblage of the Birch–Uchi greenstone belt implies convergent margin processes similar to those in Cenozoic arcs.
Starting Page	208
Ending Page	226
Page Count	19
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00107999
Journal	Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology
Volume Number	139
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14320967
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2000-06-06
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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An Archean arc basalt–Nb-enriched basalt–adakite association: the 2.7 Ga Confederation assemblage of the Birch–Uchi greenstone belt, Superior Province