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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Suzuki, A. Matsuda, Y. Masuda, T. Kikuchi, K. Okaya, T. |
| Copyright Year | 2006 |
| Abstract | To realize the mechanism of particle formation followed by the grafting of styrene (St) onto poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) more precisely, we investigated the influence of additives on model experiments of emulsion polymerizations in 1 ml styrene (St) per 100 ml water at 70 °C using PVA as a protective colloid. In the case of a standard system without additive, experimental results indicate new particle formation, and that 30% of St feed and 30% of the PVA used were grafted. The sulfate radical seldom enters into particles but reacts with PVA, forming the PVA radical that yields the grafting of St onto PVA. The experimental results are thought to arise from a hydrogen abstraction from PVA with a sulfate radical. The addition of low-molecular-weight alcohol, such as isopropyl alcohol (i-PrOH) and n-propyl alcohol (n-PrOH), strongly affected the mechanism of particle formation in terms of a decrease in grafting, due to competition between hydrogen abstraction from PVA and the alcohols with a sulfate radical. Surprisingly, the addition of a low-reactive alcohol, such as t-butyl alcohol (t-BuOH), also resulted in the particle formation with a decrease in grafting, influenced the polymerization locus to be a monomer droplets dispersed by t-BuOH, and confirmed homogeneous nucleation with the increase in the solubility of St in the aqueous phase. |
| Starting Page | 193 |
| Ending Page | 201 |
| Page Count | 9 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 0303402X |
| Journal | Colloid and Polymer Science |
| Volume Number | 285 |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| e-ISSN | 14351536 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2006-08-31 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin/Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Emulsion polymerization Grafting Styrene Poly(vinyl alcohol) Protective colloid Additive effect Food Science Characterization and Evaluation Materials Soft Matter, Complex Fluids Physical Chemistry Polymer Sciences |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Colloid and Surface Chemistry Materials Chemistry Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Polymers and Plastics |
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