NDLI: An objective analysis of the observed spatial structure of the tropical Indian Ocean SST variability

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Dommenget, Dietmar
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	The observed interannual Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) variability from 1950 to 2008 is analyzed in respect to the spatial structure of the variability. The analysis is based on an objective comparison of the leading empirical orthogonal function modes against the stochastic null hypothesis of spatial red noise (isotropic diffusion). Starting from this red noise assumption, the analysis searches for those structures that are most distinct from the red noise hypothesis. This objective approach will put previously well and less known modes of variability into the context of the multivariate SST variability. The Indian Ocean SST variability is marked by relatively weak SST variability, which is strongly dominated by a basin wide monopole pattern that is caused by different processes. The leading modes of variability are the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability and the warming trend, which both project onto the basin wide monopole structure. Other more characteristic spatial patterns of internal variability are much less dominant in the tropical Indian Ocean, which is quite different from all other ocean basin, where characteristic teleconnection patterns exist. The remaining, ENSO independent, detrended variability is dominated by multi-pole patterns from the southern Indian Ocean reaching into the tropical Indian Ocean, which are probably primarily caused by extra-tropical atmospheric forcings. The large scale tropical Indian Ocean internal variability itself has no dominant structure. The currently often used dipole mode index (DMI) does not appear to present a dominant teleconnection pattern of the Indian Ocean internal SST variability. In the context of the objective analysis presented here, the DMI partly reflects the ENSO variability and is also a representation of the multi-dimensional, chaotic spatial red noise (isotropic diffusion) process. As such the DMI cannot be interpreted as a coherent teleconnection between the two poles.
Starting Page	2129
Ending Page	2145
Page Count	17
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09307575
Journal	Climate Dynamics
Volume Number	36
Issue Number	11-12
e-ISSN	14320894
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-03-23
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Meteorology/Climatology Geophysics/Geodesy Oceanography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atmospheric Science

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