NDLI: Turnover and isotopic fractionation of carbon from maize leaves as influenced by clay type and content in constructed soil media

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Yang, W. J. Bruun, S. Rønn, R. Ekelund, F. Magid, J.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Differences between 13C signatures in various types of organic matter and between ecosystems make up a strong tool in ecological studies. However, a thorough interpretation of 13C signatures requires sufficient knowledge on the factors that cause differences in 13C content. To examine how clay affects 13C fractionation, we studied biodegradation of maize leaves in microcosms either with sand alone, or sand mixed with the clay minerals kaolinite (15 or 20 %) or montmorillonite (20 %) and an inoculum of microorganisms isolated from soil during a 70-day experimental period. We used carbon free soil media to avoid the background contribution from soil organic matter, which would otherwise obscure the resolution of changes in isotope composition of respired CO2. Protozoan numbers were reduced by a factor 60 in the kaolinite amendments compared with sand, whereas they were completely undetectable in montmorillonite amendments. Bacterial numbers declined with increasing kaolinite content. Addition of 20 % montmorillonite, however, yielded higher numbers of bacteria than 20 % kaolinite, probably due to absence of protozoan grazing. Microcosms amended with sand alone evolved significantly more CO2 than systems with kaolinite, while systems amended with montmorillonite evolved the least amount of CO2. The different treatments also had different 13CO2 signatures over time. We found a strong correlation between the 13C signature of CO2 and the degree of maize-leaf decomposition; thus, in the initial stages, the respired CO2 was depleted in 13C, while, in the advanced stages, there was a pronounced enrichment. This indicates that in the advanced stage, the remaining C must be strongly 13C enriched. The cumulated respiration from the added material was significantly affected by clay content and clay type. We suggest that clay amendment will impede 12C/13C enrichment in soil in two ways, both through reduction of microbial diversity and hence food web complexity and through reduction of decomposition via protection of organic matter.
Starting Page	447
Ending Page	454
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01782762
Journal	Biology and Fertility of Soils
Volume Number	52
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14320789
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-01-14
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	δ13C CO2 Maize leaves Isotopic fractionation Clay type and content Agriculture Soil Science & Conservation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Agronomy and Crop Science Soil Science Microbiology

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