NDLI: Gas and fluid venting at the Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	von Rad, U. Berner, U. Delisle, G. Doose Rolinski, H. Fechner, N. Linke, P. Lückge, A. Roeser, H. A. Schmaljohann, R. Wiedicke, M. Block, M. Damm, V. Erbacher, J. Fritsch, J. Harazim, B. Poggenburg, J. Scheeder, G. Schreckenberger, B. von Mirbach, N. Drews, M. Walter, S. Ali Khan, A. Inam, A. Tahir, M. Tabrez, A. R. Cheema, A. H. Pervaz, M. Ashraf, M.
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	The Makran accretionary complex shows a distinct bottom-simulating reflector, indicating a thick gas-hydrate-bearing horizon between the deformational front and about 1350 m water depth which seals off the upward flow of gas-charged fluids. A field of presently inactive mud diapirs with elevations up to 65 m was discovered in the abyssal plain seawards of the deformation front, suggesting that in the past conditions were favorable for periodic but localized vigorous mud diapirism. Regional destabilization of the gas hydrate leading to focused flow was observed where deep-penetrating, active faults reach the base of the gas-hydrate layer, as in a deeply incised submarine canyon (2100–2500 m water depth). At this location we discovered seeps of methane and H2S-rich fluids associated with chemoautotrophic vent faunas (e.g., Calyptogena sp.). Driven by the accretionary wedge dynamics, the landward part of the gas-hydrate layer below the Makran margin is being progressively uplifted. Due to reduced hydrostatic pressure and rising ocean bottom-water temperatures, gas hydrates are progressively destabilized and dissociated into hydrate water, methane and H2S. Sediment temperatures lie outside the methane stability field wherever water depth is less than 800 m. Above this depth, upward migration of fluids to the seafloor is unimpeded, thus explaining the abundance of randomly distributed gas seeps observed at water depths of 350 to 800 m.
Starting Page	10
Ending Page	19
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02760460
Journal	Geo-Marine Letters
Volume Number	20
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14321157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2000-07-05
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Science Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Oceanography

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