NDLI: A laboratory model of the aortic root flow including the coronary arteries

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Querzoli, Giorgio Fortini, Stefania Espa, Stefania Melchionna, Simone
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Cardiovascular flows have been extensively investigated by means of in vitro models to assess the prosthetic valve performances and to provide insight into the fluid dynamics of the heart and proximal aorta. In particular, the models for the study of the flow past the aortic valve have been continuously improved by including, among other things, the compliance of the vessel and more realistic geometries. The flow within the sinuses of Valsalva is known to play a fundamental role in the dynamics of the aortic valve since they host a recirculation region that interacts with the leaflets. The coronary arteries originate from the ostia located within two of the three sinuses, and their presence may significantly affect the fluid dynamics of the aortic root. In spite of their importance, to the extent of the authors’ knowledge, coronary arteries were not included so far when modeling in vitro the transvalvular aortic flow. We present a pulse duplicator consisting of a passively pulsing ventricle, a compliant proximal aorta, and coronary arteries connected to the sinuses of Valsalva. The coronary flow is modulated by a self-regulating device mimicking the physiological mechanism, which is based on the contraction and relaxation of the heart muscle during the cardiac cycle. Results show that the model reproduces satisfyingly the coronary flow. The analysis of the time evolution of the velocity and vorticity fields within the aortic root reveals the main characteristics of the backflow generated through the aorta in order to feed the coronaries during the diastole. Experiments without coronary flow have been run for comparison. Interestingly, the lifetime of the vortex forming in the sinus of Valsalva during the systole is reduced by the presence of the coronaries. As a matter of fact, at the end of the systole, that vortex is washed out because of the suction generated by the coronary flow. Correspondingly, the valve closure is delayed and faster compared to the case with no coronary flow.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	07234864
Journal	Experiments in Fluids
Volume Number	57
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	14321114
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-08-04
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Engineering Fluid Dynamics Fluid- and Aerodynamics Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes Physics and Astronomy Mechanics of Materials Computational Mechanics

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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