NDLI: Space-borne remote sensing of CO2, CH4, and N2O by integrated path differential absorption lidar: a sensitivity analysis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ehret, G. Kiemle, C. Wirth, M. Amediek, A. Fix, A. Houweling, S.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	CO2, CH4, and N2O are recognised as the most important greenhouse gases, the concentrations of which increase rapidly through human activities. Space-borne integrated path differential absorption lidar allows global observations at day and night over land and water surfaces in all climates. In this study we investigate potential sources of measurement errors and compare them with the scientific requirements. Our simulations reveal that moderate-size instruments in terms of telescope aperture (0.5–1.5 m) and laser average power (0.4–4 W) potentially have a low random error of the greenhouse gas column which is 0.2% for CO2 and 0.4% for CH4 for soundings at 1.6 μm, 0.4% for CO2 at 2.1 μm, 0.6% for CH4 at 2.3 μm, and 0.3% for N2O at 3.9 μm. Coherent detection instruments are generally limited by speckle noise, while direct detection instruments suffer from high detector noise using current technology. The wavelength selection in the vicinity of the absorption line is critical as it controls the height region of highest sensitivity, the temperature cross-sensitivity, and the demands on frequency stability. For CO2, an error budget of 0.08% is derived from our analysis of the sources of systematic errors. Among them, the frequency stability of ± 0.3 MHz for the laser transmitter and spectral purity of 99.9% in conjunction with a narrow-band spectral filter of 1 GHz (FWHM) are identified to be challenging instrument requirements for a direct detection CO2 system operating at 1.6 μm.
Starting Page	593
Ending Page	608
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09462171
Journal	Applied Physics B
Volume Number	90
Issue Number	3-4
e-ISSN	14320649
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2008-01-17
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Physics and Applied Physics in Engineering Optical Spectroscopy, Ultrafast Optics Quantum Optics, Quantum Electronics, Nonlinear Optics Laser Technology and Physics, Photonics Physical Chemistry Electromagnetism, Optics and Lasers
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy

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