NDLI: New evidence of possible crop introduction to north-eastern Europe during the Stone Age : Cerealia pollen finds in connection with the Akali Neolithic settlement, East Estonia

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Poska, Anneli Saarse, Leili
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Long term (from the Mesolithic to the Bronze Age) habitation of the Akali settlement on a clearly defined bog-island in East Estonia is used as an example of transitional development from a prosperous foragers’ habitation centre to a hinterland of established farming cultures, taking place through availability, substitution and consolidation phases of crop farming in the boreal forest zone. The pre-Neolithic finds of Triticum and Cannabis t. pollen at c. 5600 b.c. are interpreted as possible indications of the acquaintance of foragers with farming products, through contacts with central European agrarian tribes during the availability phase. The substitution phase is marked by more or less scattered pollen finds of various cereals and hemp and, at Akali, is connected with Neolithic period 4900–1800 b.c. An increasing importance of crop farming in the economy is characteristic of the consolidation phase, but because natural conditions are unfavourable for arable land-use, a regression of human presence is recorded during the second part of the Neolithic. The settlement was abandoned during the Bronze Age at the time when crop farming become the basis of the economy in Estonia. The re-colonisation of the area, traced to ca. a.d. 1200, took place for political reasons rather than through increasing suitability of the landscape.
Starting Page	169
Ending Page	179
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09396314
Journal	Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
Volume Number	15
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	16176278
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-01-19
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Estonia Cerealia pollen Stone Age Bronze Age Crop introduction Boreal-nemoral forest zone Anthropology/Archaeometry Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Archeology (arts and humanities) Paleontology

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