NDLI: Vegetation history of mid- to western Ireland in the 2nd millennium a.d.; fresh evidence from tephra-dated palynological investigations

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Vegetation history of mid- to western Ireland in the 2nd millennium a.d.; fresh evidence from tephra-dated palynological investigations

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hall, Valerie A.
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	The historic Icelandic tephra layers, from Hekla in a.d. 1104 and Öræfajökull in a.d. 1362 that have been found in four peat profiles obtained from lowland and upland mid to western Irish bogs, provide the dating for high-resolution palynological investigations of regional land use over the last thousand years. Marginal agriculture is investigated through the study of an upland blanket peat and a lowland Atlantic blanket peat. At the lowland site, the landscape has been altered, primarily by removal of hazel scrub, while in the uplands, there has been little scrub woodland throughout the last millennium. Pastoral agriculture has a long, unbroken history at both sites, with a short period of arable agriculture, dated to the early 19th century, detected in the uplands. At the two lowland sites, changes in land use associated with medieval monastic and secular activity were similar but not synchronous. The a.d. 1362 tephra in one lowland profile provides high-resolution dating of the palynological evidence for agricultural collapse in the aftermath of the Black Death. The palynological evidence of late medieval woodland clearance is contrasted with the written record. The effects of 19th century population expansion on land use are considered. A synthesis of regional land use in Ireland during the last thousand years is presented.
Starting Page	7
Ending Page	17
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09396314
Journal	Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	16176278
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2003-05-27
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Tephrochronology Ireland Palynology Historic land use
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Archeology (arts and humanities) Paleontology

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