NDLI: Diverse metabolic and stress-tolerance pathways in chasmoendolithic and soil communities of Miers Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wei, Sean T. S. Fernandez Martinez, Miguel Angel Chan, Yuki strand, Joy D. los Rios Murillo, Asuncion Chiu, Jill M. Y. Ganeshram, Annapoorna Maitrayee Cary, S. Craig Zhou, Jizhong Pointing, Stephen B.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The majority of biomass in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica occurs within rocks and soils, but despite the wealth of biodiversity data very little is known about the potential functionality of communities within these substrates. The putative physiological capacity of microbial communities in granite boulders (chasmoendoliths) and soils of a maritime-influenced Antarctic Dry Valleys were interrogated using the GeoChip microarray. Diversity estimates revealed surprisingly high diversity and evenness in both communities, with Chlorobi and Deinococci in soils accounting for major differences between the substrates. Autotrophs were more diverse in chasmoendoliths, and diazotrophs more diverse in soils. Both substrates revealed a previously unappreciated abundance of Halobacteria (Archaea), Ascomycota (Fungi) and Basidiomycoyta (Fungi). The fungi accounted for much of the differences between substrates in metabolic pathways associated with carbon transformations, particularly for aromatic compounds. Nitrogen fixation genes were more common in soils, although nitrogen catabolism genes were abundant in chasmoendoliths. Stress response pathways were more diverse in chasmoendoliths, possibly reflecting greater environmental stress in this exposed substrate compared with subsurface soils. Overall diversity of stress-tolerance genes was markedly lower than that recorded for inland locations where environmental stress is exacerbated. We postulate that the chasmoendolithic community occupies a key role in biogeochemical transformations in Dry Valley systems where granite substrates are abundant among open soils. The findings indicate that a substantial upward revision to estimates of biologically active surfaces in this system is warranted.
Starting Page	433
Ending Page	443
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	07224060
Journal	Polar Biology
Volume Number	38
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14322056
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-10-21
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Antarctica Chasmoendolith Dry Valleys Geochip Stress response Ecology Oceanography Microbiology Plant Sciences Zoology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Diverse metabolic and stress-tolerance pathways in chasmoendolithic and soil communities of Miers Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

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