NDLI: Seasonal grazing effects by semi-domesticated reindeer on subarctic mountain birch forests

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kumpula, Jouko Stark, Sari Holand, Øystein
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	In northern Fennoscandia, the spatial and temporal grazing practices of semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) vary, which implies different grazing effects dependent on natural conditions as well as management regime (i.e., timing and intensity of grazing). We compared density and biomass of main plant groups in semi-dry mountain birch forests exposed to either long-term summer or winter grazing in three reindeer herding districts in the northernmost Finland. Percent plant cover, height, and biomass of reindeer lichens (Cladonia spp.) and dwarf shrubs (Vaccinium uliginosum, Calluna vulgaris, and Betula nana) were lower on summer ranges compared with winter ranges. The biomass of other dwarf shrubs (Vaccinium myrtillus and V. vitis-idaea), and graminoids and herbs, and the % cover of non-vegetated bare soil and litter were, however, higher on summer ranges than on winter ranges. Young mountain birch shoots (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) were less frequent on summer ranges than on winter ranges. The total leaf biomass under the browsing height of reindeer (<1.5 m) was also lower on summer ranges compared with winter ranges. Especially in drier and nutrient poor mountain birch forests, intensive summer grazing reduces the quantity of lichens and total plant biomass which affects the ecological state and productivity of these forests and also reduces especially their winter grazing value for reindeer. Therefore, in addition to regulating the maximum sustained numbers of reindeer, pasture rotation systems that effectively protect dry and nutrient poor vegetation from summer grazing and trampling should be encouraged.
Starting Page	441
Ending Page	453
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	07224060
Journal	Polar Biology
Volume Number	34
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14322056
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-10-15
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Biodiversity Carrying capacity Pasture rotation Reindeer lichens Summer grazing Plant Sciences Microbiology Ecology Oceanography Zoology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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