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Potential population-level effects of increased haulout-related mortality of Pacific walrus calves

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Potential population-level effects of increased haulout-related mortality of Pacific walrus calves

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Udevitz, Mark S. Taylor, Rebecca L. Garlich Miller, Joel L. Quakenbush, Lori T. Snyder, Jonathan A.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Availability of summer sea ice has been decreasing in the Chukchi Sea during recent decades, and increasing numbers of Pacific walruses have begun using coastal haulouts in late summer during years when sea ice retreats beyond the continental shelf. Calves and yearlings are particularly susceptible to being crushed during disturbance events that cause the herd to panic and stampede at these large haulouts, but the potential population-level effects of this mortality are unknown. We used recent harvest data, along with previous assumptions about demographic parameters for this population, to estimate female population size and structure in 2009 and project these numbers forward using a range of assumptions about future harvests and haulout-related mortality that might result from increased use of coastal haulouts during late summer. We found that if demographic parameters were held constant, the levels of harvest that occurred during 1990–2008 would have allowed the population to grow during that period. Our projections indicate, however, that an increase in haulout-related mortality affecting only calves has a greater effect on the population than an equivalent increase in harvest-related mortality distributed among all age classes. Therefore, disturbance-related mortality of calves at coastal haulouts may have relatively important population consequences.
Starting Page	291
Ending Page	298
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	07224060
Journal	Polar Biology
Volume Number	36
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14322056
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-11-13
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Bering Sea Chukchi Sea Haulout Mortality Odobenus rosmarus divergens Pacific walrus Population dynamics Projection model Subsistence harvest Trampling Ecology Oceanography Microbiology Plant Sciences Zoology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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