NDLI: Soil–water and solute movement under precision irrigation: knowledge gaps for managing sustainable root zones

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Raine, S. R. Meyer, W. S. Rassam, D. W. Hutson, J. L. Cook, F. J.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Precision irrigation involves the accurate and precise application of water to meet the specific requirements of individual plants or management units and minimize adverse environmental impact. Under precision irrigation applications, water and associated solute movement will vary spatially within the root zone and excess water application will not necessarily result in deep drainage and leaching of salt below the root zone. This paper estimates that 10% of the irrigated land area (producing as much as 40% of the total annual revenue from irrigated land) could be adversely affected by root zone salinity resulting from the adoption of precision irrigation within Australia. The cost of increases in root zone salinisation due to inappropriate irrigation management in the Murray and Murrumbidgee irrigation areas was estimated at AUD 245 million (in 2000/01) or 13.5% of the revenue from these cropping systems. A review of soil–water and solute movement under precision irrigation systems highlights the gaps in current knowledge including the mismatch between the data required by complex, process-based soil–water or solute simulation models and the data that is easily available from soil survey and routine soil analyses. Other major knowledge gaps identified include: (a) effect of root distribution, surface evaporation and plant transpiration on soil wetted patterns, (b) accuracy and adequacy of using simple mean values of root zone soil salinity levels to estimate the effect of salt on the plant, (c) fate of solutes during a single irrigation and during multiple irrigation cycles, and (d) effect of soil heterogeneity on the distribution of water and solutes in relation to placement of water. Opportunities for research investment are identified across a broad range of areas including: (a) requirements for soil characterisation, (b) irrigation management effects, (c) agronomic responses to variable water and salt distributions in the root zone, (d) potential to scale or evaluate impacts at various scales, (e) requirements for simplified soil–water and solute modelling tools, and (f) the need to build skills and capacity in soil–water and solute modelling.
Starting Page	91
Ending Page	100
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03427188
Journal	Irrigation Science
Volume Number	26
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14321319
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-03-29
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Salt Salinity Drainage Drip Trickle Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution Forestry Soil Science & Conservation Plant Sciences Agriculture
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Agronomy and Crop Science Soil Science Water Science and Technology

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