NDLI: Factors Affecting the Impact of Off-Road Driving on Soils in an Area in the Kruger National Park, South Africa

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	rtjé, Gerhardus Petrus Hoven, Wouter Laker, Michiel C.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Studies on the effects of off-road driving on soils were conducted in the Makuleke Contractual Park of the Kruger National Park. The studies were conducted on three different soils with different textures and soil compactibilities. Traffic pressure was applied with a game drive vehicle loaded with 11 sand bags, each weighing 70 kg. This gave a total vehicle mass of 3,795 kg, simulating a vehicle fully laden with tourists. The study included: (i) comparing of the effects of four different tyre pressures; (ii) comparing the effects of 1–3 vehicle passes over the same tyre tracks; (iii) comparison of traffic effects under dry and wet soil moisture conditions, on soil compaction, respectively. After each pass penetration resistances were measured (a) on the tyre tracks, (b) between the tyre tracks and (c) at different distances outside the tyre tracks. As expected, vehicular traffic caused soil compaction below the wheel tracks. Lower tyre pressures caused less compaction than higher tyre pressures. Fewer vehicle passes also caused less compaction than more passes on the same tracks, but most compaction occurred during the first pass. Thus, driving on the same tracks more than once is less damaging than driving once on different tracks. Controlled traffic should be considered when developing management strategies for off-road driving in wildlife protected areas.
Starting Page	1164
Ending Page	1176
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0364152X
Journal	Environmental Management
Volume Number	50
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	14321009
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-10-16
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Soil compaction Off-road driving Tyre pressure Penetration resistance Vehicle passes Vehicular traffic Forestry Management Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Ecology Nature Conservation Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution Environmental Management
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Pollution Global and Planetary Change

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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