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The Impacts of Human Visitation on Mussel Bed Communities Along the California Coast: Are Regulatory Marine Reserves Effective in Protecting These Communities?

Evaluation of Dairy Effluent Management Options Using Multiple Criteria Analysis

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The Impacts of Human Visitation on Mussel Bed Communities Along the California Coast: Are Regulatory Marine Reserves Effective in Protecting These Communities?

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Smith, Jayson R. Fong, Peggy Ambrose, Richard F.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Rocky intertidal habitats frequently are used by humans for recreational, educational, and subsistence-harvesting purposes, with intertidal populations damaged by visitation activities such as extraction, trampling, and handling. California Marine Managed Areas, particularly regulatory marine reserves (MRs), were established to provide legal protection and enhancement of coastal resources and include prohibitions on harvesting intertidal populations. However, the effectiveness of MRs is unclear as enforcement of no-take laws is weak and no regulations protect intertidal species from other detrimental visitor impacts such as trampling. The goal of this study was two-fold: (1) to determine impacts from human visitation on California mussel populations (Mytilus californianus) and mussel bed community diversity; and (2) to investigate the effectiveness of regulatory MRs in reducing visitor impacts on these populations. Surveys of mussel populations and bed-associated diversity were compared: (1) at sites subjected to either high or low levels of human use, and (2) at sites either unprotected or with regulatory protection banning collecting. At sites subjected to higher levels of human visitation, mussel populations were significantly lower than low-use sites. Comparisons of mussel populations inside and outside of regulatory MRs revealed no consistent pattern suggesting that California no-take regulatory reserves may have limited effectiveness in protecting mussel communities. In areas where many people visit intertidal habitats for purposes other than collecting, many organisms will be affected by trampling, turning of rocks, and handling. In these cases, effective protection of rocky intertidal communities requires an approach that goes beyond the singular focus on collecting to reduce the full suite of impacts.
Starting Page	599
Ending Page	612
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0364152X
Journal	Environmental Management
Volume Number	41
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14321009
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2008-01-10
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Marine reserves Anthropogenic disturbance Rocky intertidal Mytilus californianus Mussel bed community Trampling Collecting Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution Forestry Management Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Nature Conservation Ecology Environmental Management
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Pollution Global and Planetary Change

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The impacts of human visitation on mussel bed communities along the California coast: are regulatory marine reserves effective in protecting these communities?

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