NDLI: Defeated chameleons darken dynamically during dyadic disputes to decrease danger from dominants

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ligon, Russell A.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Research on intraspecific aggression has typically focused on dominant individuals, but a better understanding of the consequences and mechanisms of agonistic encounters requires a balanced perspective that includes knowledge of subordinate animal behaviors. In contrast to signals of fighting ability, signals of submission are an understudied component of agonistic communication that could provide important insights into the dynamics, function, and evolution of intraspecific competition. Here, I use a series of staged agonistic trials between adult male veiled chameleons Chamaeleo calyptratus to test the hypothesis that rapid skin darkening serves as a submissive signal to resolve agonistic activity. Concordant with this hypothesis, I found that losing chameleons darkened over the course of aggressive trials while winners brightened, and the likelihood of darkening increased when individuals were attacked more aggressively. Additionally, I found that the degree of brightness change exhibited by individual chameleons was tied to both overall and net aggression experienced during a trial, with chameleons who received high levels of aggression relative to their own aggression levels darkening to a greater extent than individuals receiving relatively less aggression. Lastly, I found that aggression increased for losers and winners prior to the onset of darkening by the eventual loser but that both chameleons reduced aggression after the losing chameleon began to darken. Based on the theoretical prediction that signals of submission should be favored when retreat options are restricted, I suggest that limited escapability imposed by chameleon morphology, physiology, and ecology favored the evolution of a pigment-based signal of submission in this group.
Starting Page	1007
Ending Page	1017
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03405443
Journal	Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
Volume Number	68
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	14320762
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-04-17
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Submissive signals Physiological color change Aggression Communication Reptiles Chamaeleo calyptratus Color signals Behavioural Sciences Zoology Evolutionary Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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Data from: A chorus of color: hierarchical and graded information content of rapid color change signals in chameleons (Dataset)

Data from: Social costs enforce honesty of a dynamic signal of motivation (Dataset)

Data from: Chameleons communicate with complex colour changes during contests: different body regions convey different information (Dataset)

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Defeated chameleons darken dynamically during dyadic disputes to decrease danger from dominants

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