NDLI: Young females pay higher costs of reproduction in a short-lived bird

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Tarwater, Corey E. Arcese, Peter
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Theory predicts a trade-off between current reproduction and future reproduction or survival. Nevertheless, costs of reproduction are often not found owing to heterogeneity in environment or individuals, or to studies not evaluating multiple costs or reproductive metrics that could influence costs. Detecting costs of reproduction is further complicated by the fact that they may increase with age if physiological condition declines in older individuals, or decrease with age if younger individuals are less efficient at acquiring resources than older individuals. We used a 37-year study to evaluate costs of reproduction in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia). Our results support theoretical expectations for short-lived species by demonstrating costs of reproduction on future survival, but not on future reproduction. We examined two metrics of reproductive allocation—reproductive effort and termination of breeding—and found that only higher reproductive effort increased costs. Thus, testing of multiple allocation metrics may be necessary because results may not be coincident between metrics. Lastly, we observed that younger females paid higher costs of reproduction than older females. Although older female sparrows senesced, they had lower costs of reproduction than younger females who may be less able to acquire food or high-quality mates. By taking into account variation among individuals and examining multiple metrics, our study provides strong support for costs of reproduction and a decrease in costs with age.One premise of life history theory is that reproduction is costly, but evidence of such costs remains mixed. Mixed results may arise because resources are not always limiting for all individuals or in all environments, leading to temporal, spatial, and individual heterogeneity in trade-offs between current reproduction and future reproduction or survival that can be hard to detect. Costs may also vary with age, depending on how resource acquisition and allocation vary with age. We used a 37-year study of female song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to control statistically for individual and environmental heterogeneity and test multiple cost metrics. We demonstrate marked costs of reproduction on future survival, particularly in young females.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	8
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03405443
Journal	Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
Volume Number	71
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14320762
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2017-04-17
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cost of reproduction Senescence Reproductive effort Termination of breeding Song sparrow Melospiza melodia Behavioral Sciences Zoology Animal Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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Soft song in song sparrows: response of males and females to an enigmatic signal

Differences in measures of boldness even when underlying behavioral syndromes are present in two populations of the song sparrow (Melospiza melodia)

Data from: Elevating perceived predation risk modifies the relationship between parental effort and song complexity in the song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) (Dataset)

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Data from: Are signals of aggressive intent less honest in urban habitats? (Dataset)

Data from: Song learning and cognitive ability are not consistently related in a songbird (Dataset)

Data from: A microsatellite-based linkage map for song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) (Dataset)

Data from: A test for repertoire matching in eastern song sparrows (Dataset)

Data from: Constraints on song type matching in a songbird (Dataset)

Young females pay higher costs of reproduction in a short-lived bird

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Young females pay higher costs of reproduction in a short-lived bird