NDLI: Characterization of the starvation-induced chitinase CfcA and α-1,3-glucanase AgnB of Aspergillus niger

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Munster, Jolanda M. Dobruchowska, Justyna M. Veloo, Ruud Dijkhuizen, Lubbert Maarel, Marc J. E. C.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The common saprophyte Aspergillus niger may experience carbon starvation in nature as well as during industrial fermentations. Starvation survival strategies, such as conidiation or the formation of exploratory hyphae, require energy and building blocks, which may be supplied by autolysis. Glycoside hydrolases are key effectors of autolytic degradation of fungal cell walls, but knowledge on their identity and functionality is still limited. We recently identified agnB and cfcA as two genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes that had notably increased transcription during carbon starvation in A. niger. Here, we report the biochemical and functional characterization of these enzymes. AgnB is an α-1,3-glucanase that releases glucose from α-1,3-glucan substrates with a minimum degree of polymerization of 4. CfcA is a chitinase that releases dimers from the nonreducing end of chitin. These enzymes thus attack polymers that are found in the fungal cell wall and may have a role in autolytic fungal cell wall degradation in A. niger. Indeed, cell wall degradation during carbon starvation was reduced in the double deletion mutant ΔcfcA ΔagnB compared to the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the cell walls of the carbon-starved mycelium of the mutant contained a higher fraction of chitin or chitosan. The function of at least one of these enzymes, CfcA, therefore appears to be in the recycling of cell wall carbohydrates under carbon limiting conditions. CfcA thus may be a candidate effector for on demand cell lysis, which could be employed in industrial processes for recovery of intracellular products.
Starting Page	2209
Ending Page	2223
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01757598
Journal	Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Volume Number	99
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14320614
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-09-16
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Aspergillus niger Carbon starvation Cell wall Autolysis Chitinase α-Glucanase Microbiology Microbial Genetics and Genomics Biotechnology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology

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