NDLI: Characterisation of Yeasts Isolated from Deep Igneous Rock Aquifers of the Fennoscandian Shield

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ekendahl, S. O’Neill, A. H. Thomsson, E. Pedersen, K.
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	The diversity of prokaryotes in the groundwater deep below the surface of the Baltic Sea at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (HRL) in southeast Sweden is well documented. In addition, there is some evidence that eukaryotes, too, are present in the deep groundwater at this site, although their origins are uncertain. To extend the knowledge of eukaryotic life in this environment, five yeast, three yeastlike, and 17 mold strains were isolated from Äspö HRL groundwater between 201 and 444 m below sea level. Phenotypic testing and phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequences of the five yeast isolates revealed their relationships to Rhodotorula minuta and Cryptococcus spp. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the strains possessed morphological characteristics typical for yeast, although they were relatively small, with an average length of 3 µm. Enumeration through direct counting and most probable number methods showed low numbers of fungi, between 0.01 and 1 cells mL−1, at some sites. Five of the strains were characterized physiologically to determine whether they were adapted to life in the deep biosphere. These studies revealed that the strains grew within a pH range of 4–10, between temperatures of 4°C and 25–30°C, and in NaCl concentrations from 0 to 70 g L−1. These growth parameters suggest a degree of adaptation to the groundwater at Äspö HRL. Despite the fact that these eukaryotic microorganisms may be transient members of the deep biosphere microbial community, many of the observations of this study suggest that they are capable of growing in this extreme environment.
Starting Page	416
Ending Page	428
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00953628
Journal	Microbial Ecology
Volume Number	46
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	1432184X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2003-09-17
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Soil Science Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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