NDLI: Community Analysis of Plant Biomass-Degrading Microorganisms from Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A. Hamilton Brehm, Scott D. Podar, Mircea Mosher, Jennifer J. Palumbo, Anthony V. Phelps, Tommy J. Keller, Martin Elkins, James G.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels can potentially be improved by employing robust microorganisms and enzymes that efficiently deconstruct plant polysaccharides at elevated temperatures. Many of the geothermal features of Yellowstone National Park (YNP) are surrounded by vegetation providing a source of allochthonic material to support heterotrophic microbial communities adapted to utilize plant biomass as a primary carbon and energy source. In this study, a well-known hot spring environment, Obsidian Pool (OBP), was examined for potential biomass-active microorganisms using cultivation-independent and enrichment techniques. Analysis of 33,684 archaeal and 43,784 bacterial quality-filtered 16S rRNA gene pyrosequences revealed that archaeal diversity in the main pool was higher than bacterial; however, in the vegetated area, overall bacterial diversity was significantly higher. Of notable interest was a flooded depression adjacent to OBP supporting a stand of Juncus tweedyi, a heat-tolerant rush commonly found growing near geothermal features in YNP. The microbial community from heated sediments surrounding the plants was enriched in members of the Firmicutes including potentially (hemi)cellulolytic bacteria from the genera Clostridium, Anaerobacter, Caloramator, Caldicellulosiruptor, and Thermoanaerobacter. Enrichment cultures containing model and real biomass substrates were established at a wide range of temperatures (55–85 °C). Microbial activity was observed up to 80 °C on all substrates including Avicel, xylan, switchgrass, and Populus sp. Independent of substrate, Caloramator was enriched at lower (<65 °C) temperatures while highly active cellulolytic bacteria Caldicellulosiruptor were dominant at high (>65 °C) temperatures.
Starting Page	333
Ending Page	345
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00953628
Journal	Microbial Ecology
Volume Number	69
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	1432184X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-10-16
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Thermophiles Plant biomass utilization Bioenergy Microbial communities Yellowstone National Park Extremophiles. Microbiology Ecology Microbial Ecology Geoecology/Natural Processes Nature Conservation Water Quality/Water Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Soil Science Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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