NDLI: Acute Toxicity and Tissue Distributions of Malathion in Ambystoma tigrinum

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Henson Ramsey, H. Kennedy Stoskopf, S. Levine, J. F. Taylor, S. K. Shea, D. Stoskopf, M. K.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	The kinetics of the bioaccumulation of malathion (O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate of diethyl mercaptosuccinate) and the biological impact of exposure for tiger salamanders, Ambystoma tigrinum, were assessed through exposure to soil surface contaminated with 50 μg/cm2 or 100 μg/cm2 malathion and ingestion of an earthworm exposed to soil contaminated with 200 μg/cm2 malathion. Malathion and malaoxon burdens in salamanders sampled at different times after exposure(s) were measured by gas chromatography in four tissue/organ subgroups: liver, epaxial muscle, pooled viscera (except the liver and brain), and pooled avisceral carcass (muscle, skin, and bone). The total tiger salamander xenobiotic burdens were calculated from these data. The malathion/malaoxon burden 1 day after exposure was greatest in the avisceral carcass and 2 days after exposure was greatest in the viscera. Bioconcentration and bioaccumulation factors remained less than unity throughout the experiment and did not support the hypothesis of bioaccumulation of malathion in the tiger salamander. Biological impact was assessed with a colorimetric brain cholinesterase microassay. Brain cholinesterase activities in salamanders exposed to malathion-contaminated soil (50 μg/cm2 or 100 μg/cm2 malathion) were suppressed ∼50–65% and 90%, respectively, compared to unexposed controls. The exposed animals did not exhibit overt clinical signs of malathion toxicosis.
Starting Page	481
Ending Page	487
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00904341
Journal	Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Volume Number	55
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14320703
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2008-01-29
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Environmental Monitoring/Analysis Soil Science & Conservation Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Pollution Ecotoxicology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Medicine Toxicology

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