NDLI: Influence of Exposure Concentration and Duration on Effects and Recovery of Lemna minor Exposed to the Herbicide Norflurazon

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wilson, P. Chris Koch, Ruben
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	This study evaluated the effects and potential recovery of the surrogate aquatic macrophyte Lemna minor exposed to the herbicide norflurazon for 10 days under controlled conditions. Decreases in frond production occurred as early as 2 days after treatment (DAT) at concentrations ≥250 μg/L. The observed no observable-adverse effects and lowest observable-adverse effects concentrations during the 2-, 6-, and 10-day exposure periods were 100/250, 10/25, and 10/25 μg/L, respectively, for total frond production. The estimated EC50 value for total frond production was 24.9 ± 4.1 μg/L (6 days of exposure). Symptoms of norflurazon toxicity (bleaching of foliage) were apparent within 2 DAT for concentrations ≥25 μg/L with 30–39 % of the fronds within each treatment exhibiting symptoms of toxicity. After 6- and 10-day exposures, 69–77 and 80–95 % of these plants showed toxic symptoms, respectively. Symptoms of toxicity for the 10 μg/L treatment first appeared at 4 DAT (51 % of fronds were symptomatic), peaked at 91 % 8 DAT, and were only 2 % at 10 DAT, thus indicating recovery. Norflurazon toxicity was eventually reversible at all concentrations once it was removed from the nutrient solutions. After 17 days of recovery (27 DAT), growth rates for all concentrations ≤250 μg/L were similar to those of the controls. Growth rates for all treatment concentrations recovered to control levels after 28 days of recovery (38 DAT).
Starting Page	228
Ending Page	234
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00904341
Journal	Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Volume Number	64
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14320703
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-12-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Ecotoxicology Pollution Environmental Health Environmental Chemistry Soil Science & Conservation Environmental Monitoring/Analysis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Medicine Toxicology

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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