NDLI: Adaptive Gene Loss? Tracing Back the Pseudogenization of the Rabbit CCL8 Chemokine

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	van der Loo, Wessel Magalhaes, Maria João Matos, Ana Lemos Abrantes, Joana Yamada, Fumio Esteves, Pedro J.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Studies of the process of pseudogenization have widened our understanding of adaptive evolutionary change. In Rabbit, an alteration at the second extra-cellular loop of the CCR5 chemokine receptor was found to be associated with the pseudogenization of one of its prime ligands, the chemokine CCL8. This relationship has raised questions about the existence of a causal link between both events, which would imply adaptive gene loss. This hypothesis is evaluated here by tracing back the history of the genetic modifications underlying the chemokine pseudogenization. The obtained data indicate that mutations at receptor and ligand genes occurred after the lineage split of New World Leporids versus Old World Leporids and prior to the generic split of the of Old World species studied, which occurred an estimated 8–9 million years ago. More important, they revealed the emergence, before this zoographical split, of a “slippery” nucleotide motif (CCCCGGG) at the 3′ region of CCL8-exon2. Such motives are liable of generating +1G or −1G frameshifts, which could, however, be overcome by “translesion” synthesis or somatic reversion. The CCL8 pseudogenization in the Old World lineage was apparently initiated by three synapomorphic point mutations at the exon2-intron2 boundary which provide at short range premature terminating codons, independently of the reading frame imposed by the slippery motif. The presence of this motif in New World Leporids might allow verifying this scenario. The importance of CCL8−CCR5 signaling in parasite–host interaction would suggest that the CCL8 knock-out in Old World populations might be related to changes in pathogenic environment.
Starting Page	12
Ending Page	25
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00222844
Journal	Journal of Molecular Evolution
Volume Number	83
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	14321432
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-06-15
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Adaptive gene loss Co-evolution Slipped frameshift reversion Chemokine Lagomorphs Evolutionary Biology Microbiology Plant Sciences Plant Genetics & Genomics Animal Genetics and Genomics Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Molecular Biology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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