NDLI: Genetic Code Evolution Started with the Incorporation of Glycine, Followed by Other Small Hydrophilic Amino Acids

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bernhardt, Harold S. Patrick, Wayne M.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	We propose that glycine was the first amino acid to be incorporated into the genetic code, followed by serine, aspartic and/or glutamic acid—small hydrophilic amino acids that all have codons in the bottom right-hand corner of the standard genetic code table. Because primordial ribosomal synthesis is presumed to have been rudimentary, this stage would have been characterized by the synthesis of short, water-soluble peptides, the first of which would have comprised polyglycine. Evolution of the code is proposed to have occurred by the duplication and mutation of tRNA sequences, which produced a radiation of codon assignment outwards from the bottom right-hand corner. As a result of this expansion, we propose a trend from small hydrophilic to hydrophobic amino acids, with selection for longer polypeptides requiring a hydrophobic core for folding and stability driving the incorporation of hydrophobic amino acids into the code.
Starting Page	307
Ending Page	309
Page Count	3
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00222844
Journal	Journal of Molecular Evolution
Volume Number	78
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	14321432
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-06-12
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Genetic code Polyglycine Water-soluble peptides Transfer RNA Transition mutation Evolutionary Biology Microbiology Plant Sciences Plant Genetics & Genomics Animal Genetics and Genomics Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Molecular Biology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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Genetic Code Evolution Started with the Incorporation of Glycine, Followed by Other Small Hydrophilic Amino Acids

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