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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Brandon, Christopher S. Greenwold, Matthew J. Dudycha, Jeffry L. |
| Copyright Year | 2016 |
| Abstract | Daphnia pulex has the largest known family of opsins, genes critical for photoreception and vision in animals. This diversity may be functionally redundant, arising from recent processes, or ancient duplications may have been preserved due to distinct functions and independent contributions to fitness. We analyzed opsins in D. pulex and its distant congener Daphnia magna. We identified 48 opsins in the D. pulex genome and 32 in D. magna. We inferred the complement of opsins in the last common ancestor of all Daphnia and evaluated the history of opsin duplication and loss. We further analyzed sequence variation to assess possible functional diversification among Daphnia opsins. Much of the opsin expansion occurred before the D. pulex-D. magna split more than 145 Mya, and both Daphnia lineages preserved most ancient opsins. More recent expansion occurred in pteropsins and long-wavelength visual opsins in both species, particularly D. pulex. Recent duplications were not random: the same ancestral genes duplicated independently in each modern species. Most ancient and some recent duplications involved differentiation at residues known to influence spectral tuning of visual opsins. Arthropsins show evidence of gene conversion between tandemly arrayed paralogs in functionally important domains. Intron–exon gene structure was generally conserved within clades inferred from sequences, although pteropsins showed substantial intron size variation. Overall, our analyses support the hypotheses that diverse opsins are maintained due to diverse functional roles in photoreception and vision, that functional diversification is both ancient and recent, and that multiple evolutionary processes have influenced different types of opsins. |
| Starting Page | 12 |
| Ending Page | 28 |
| Page Count | 17 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00222844 |
| Journal | Journal of Molecular Evolution |
| Volume Number | 84 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 14321432 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer US |
| Publisher Date | 2016-12-21 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Opsin Gene family Vision Photoreception Gene duplication Pteropsin Arthropsin Neuropsin Spectral tuning Evolutionary Biology Microbiology Plant Sciences Plant Genetics & Genomics Animal Genetics and Genomics Cell Biology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Genetics Molecular Biology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
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