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Investigations of gas and particle dynamics in first generation needle-free drug delivery devices

Nonideal effects behind reflected shock waves in a high-pressure shock tube

Cut cell strategy for 3-D blast waves numerical simulations

Explosive dispersal of solid particles

Infrared absorption and thermal decomposition of some CFCs

Effects of nitrates on hydrocarbon-air flames and detonations

Erratum: Shock Waves (2000) 10: 277–285

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Investigations of gas and particle dynamics in first generation needle-free drug delivery devices

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Quinlan, N.J. Kendall, M.A.F. Bellhouse, B.J. Ainsworth, R.W.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	Abstract. Transdermal powdered drug delivery involves the propulsion of solid drug particles into the skin by means of high-speed gas-particle flow. The fluid dynamics of this technology have been investigated in devices consisting of a convergent-divergent nozzle located downstream of a bursting membrane, which serves both to initiate gas flow (functioning as the diaphragm of a shock tube) and to retain the drug particles before actuation. Pressure surveys of flow in devices with contoured nozzles of relatively low exit-to-throat area ratio and a conical nozzle of higher area ratio have indicated a starting process of approximately 200 ${\mu}$ s typical duration, followed by a quasi-steady supersonic flow. The velocity of drug particles exiting the contoured nozzles was measured at up to 1050 m/s, indicating that particle acceleration took place primarily in the quasi-steady flow. In the conical nozzle, which had larger exit area ratio, the quasi-steady nozzle flow was found to be overexpanded, resulting in a shock system within the nozzle. Particles were typically delivered by these nozzles at 400 m/s, suggesting that the starting process and the quasi-steady shock processed flow are both responsible for acceleration of the particle payload. The larger exit area of the conical nozzle tested enables drug delivery over a larger target disc, which may be advantageous.
Starting Page	395
Ending Page	404
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09381287
Journal	Shock Waves
Volume Number	10
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	14322153
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2001-01-01
Publisher Place	Berlin Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy Mechanical Engineering

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A numerical study of the gas and particle dynamics in a needle free drug delivery device

A study on the gas-solid particle flows in a needle-free drug delivery device

Gas and Particle Dynamics of a Contoured Shock Tube for Pre-clinical Microparticle Drug Delivery

Needle-free jet injection of intact phospholipid vesicles across the skin: a feasibility study

Relations for particle deposition in turbulent gas-particle channel flows

Investigations into water mitigation using a meshless particle method

Transient phenomena in one-dimensional compressible gas–particle flows

Bubbling of gas-particle mixtures

Needle-Free Delivery of Powdered Protein Vaccines: A New and Rapidly Developing Technique

Investigations of gas and particle dynamics in first generation needle-free drug delivery devices

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