NDLI: The early Cambrian Chahmir shale-hosted Zn–Pb deposit, Central Iran: an example of vent-proximal SEDEX mineralization

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Rajabi, Abdorrahman Rastad, Ebrahim Canet, Carles Alfonso, Pura
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The Chahmir zinc–lead deposit (1.5 Mt @ 6 % Zn + 2 % Pb) in Central Iran is one among several sedimentary-exhalative Zn–Pb deposits in the Early Cambrian Zarigan–Chahmir basin (e.g., Koushk, Darreh-Dehu, and Zarigan). The deposit is hosted by carbonaceous, fine-grained black siltstones, and shales interlayered with volcaniclastic sandstone beds. It corresponds to the upper part of the Early Cambrian volcano-sedimentary sequence (ECVSS), which was deposited on the Posht-e-Badam Block during back-arc rifting of the continental margin of Central Iran. Based on crosscutting relationships, mineralogy, and texture of sulfide mineralization, four different facies can be distinguished: stockwork (feeder zone), massive ore, bedded ore, and distal facies (exhalites with barite). Silicification, carbonatization, sericitization, and chloritization are the main wall-rock alteration styles; alteration intensity increases toward the proximal feeder zone. Fluid inclusion microthermometry was carried out on quartz associated with sulfides of the massive ore. Homogenization temperatures are in the range of 170–226 °C, and salinity is around 9 wt% NaCl eq. The size distribution of pyrite framboids of the bedded ore facies suggests anoxic to locally suboxic event for the host basin. δ34S(V-CDT) values of pyrite, sphalerite, and galena range from +10.9 to +29.8 ‰. The highest δ34S values correspond to the bedded ore (+28.6 to +29.8 ‰), and the lowest to the massive ore (+10.9 to +14.7 ‰) and the feeder zone (+11.3 and +12.1 ‰). The overall range of δ34S is consistent with a sedimentary environment where sulfide sulfur was derived from two sources. One of them was corresponding to early ore-stage sulfides in bedded ore and distal facies, consistent with bacterial reduction from coeval seawater sulfate in a closed or semiclosed basin. However, the δ34S values of late ore-stage sulfides, observed mainly in massive ore, interpreted as a hydrothermal sulfur component, leached from the lower part of the ECVSS. Sulfur isotopes, along with the sedimentological, textural, mineralogical, fluid inclusion, and geochemical characteristics of the Chahmir deposit are in agreement with a vent-proximal (Selwyn type) SEDEX ore deposit model.
Starting Page	571
Ending Page	590
Page Count	20
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00264598
Journal	Mineralium Deposita
Volume Number	50
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14321866
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-09-17
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Sulfate reduction Hydrothermal vents Posht-e-Badam Block Sulfur isotopes Fluid inclusions Pyrite framboids SEDEX Geology Mineral Resources Mineralogy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geophysics Economic Geology Geochemistry and Petrology

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