NDLI: Nb–Ta–(Ti–Sn) oxide mineral chemistry as tracer of rare-element granitic pegmatite fractionation in the Borborema Province, Northeastern Brazil

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Nb–Ta–(Ti–Sn) oxide mineral chemistry as tracer of rare-element granitic pegmatite fractionation in the Borborema Province, Northeastern Brazil

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Beurlen, Hartmut Silva, Marcelo R. R. Thomas, Rainer Soares, Dwight R. Olivier, Patrick
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	The Borborema Pegmatitic Province (BPP), northeastern Brazil, is historically important for tantalum mining and also famous for top-quality specimens of exotic Nb–Ta oxides and, more recently, for the production of gem quality, turquoise blue, ‘Paraíba Elbaite.’ With more than 750 registered mineralized rare-element granitic pegmatites, the BPP extends over an area of about 75 by 150 km in the eastern part of the Neoproterozoic Seridó Belt. The Late Cambrian pegmatites are mostly hosted by a sequence of Neoproterozoic cordierite–sillimanite biotite schists of the Seridó Formation and quartzites and metaconglomerates of the Equador Formation. The trace-element ratios in feldspar and micas allow to classify most pegmatites as belonging to the beryl–columbite phosphate subtype. Electron microprobe analyses (EMPA) of columbite, tapiolite, niobian–tantalian rutile, ixiolite and wodginite group minerals from 28 pegmatites in the BPP are used to evaluate the effectiveness of Nb–Ta oxide chemistry as a possible exploration tool, to trace the degree of pegmatite fractionation and to classify the pegmatites. The columbite group mineral composition allows to establish a compositional trend from manganoan ferrocolumbite to manganocolumbite and on to manganotantalite. This trend is typical of complex spodumene- and/or lepidolite-subtype pegmatites. It clearly contrasts with another trend, from ferrocolumbite through ferrotantalite to ferrowodginite and ferrotapiolite compositions, typical of pegmatites of the beryl–columbite phosphate subtype. Large scatter and anomalous trends in zoned crystals partially overlap and conceal the two main evolution patterns. This indicates that a large representative data set of heavy mineral concentrate samples, collected systematically along cross-sections, would be necessary to predict the metallogenetic potential of individual pegmatites. Other mineral species, e.g. garnets and/or tourmaline, with a more regular distribution than Nb–Ta oxides, would be more appropriate and less expensive for routine exploration purposes. The currently available Nb–Ta oxide chemistry data suggest the potential for highly fractionated Ta–Li–Cs pegmatites in the BPP, so far undiscovered, and encourages further, more detailed research.
Starting Page	207
Ending Page	228
Page Count	22
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00264598
Journal	Mineralium Deposita
Volume Number	43
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14321866
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-07-26
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Nb–Ta–Ti–Sn oxides Rare-element granitic pegmatites Borborema Pegmatitic Province Brazil Mineralogy Mineral Resources Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geophysics Economic Geology Geochemistry and Petrology

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