NDLI: Long-term evolution of fish communities in European mountainous rivers: past log driving effects, river management and species introduction (Salzach River, Danube)

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Haidvogl, Gertrud Pont, Didier Dolak, Horst Hohensinner, Severin
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Using historical sources from the turn of the 19th to the 20th century, we investigated the long-term evolution of the fish community in a mountainous river network and the influence of different human uses and management measures. Within the alpine Salzach catchment, historical presence was reconstructed for 26 fish species, abundance classes for 19 species. Due to channelization, flood protection and dam erections, the spatial distribution of fish species was reduced during the 20th century. Many rheophilic and eurytopic fish species historically inhabited river reaches along a wide longitudinal profile and were present in more upstream river reaches than nowadays. The decrease of species diversity in the headwater sections is a consequence of lost lateral connectivity. Strongest effects are reported for sensitive species requiring different habitat types during their life cycles (especially pike, nase, Danube salmon). One of the most important shifts from the historical fish community to the present one reflects the deliberate introduction of fish species for fisheries. Rainbow trout and brook trout, absent from the historical fish assemblage, today represent up to 29 % of the total number of fish occurrences. In contrast, log driving, one of the most common historical pressures in European mountainous rivers, did not show significant negative effects on the past fish ecological situation. This result strongly differs from the impacts of log driving and deforestation demonstrated for recent times, and could be related to the change in log driving practices during the 20th century and to the high societal value of fish before the industrialization period along with other historical pressures affecting fish in rivers without log driving. In general, our results can be valid for a large number of European mountainous rivers. They highlight the usefulness of such detailed historical studies for our understanding of the long-term evolution of fish communities and their present functioning, and point the way for future river management strategies to restore fish biodiversity.
Starting Page	395
Ending Page	410
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10151621
Journal	Aquatic Sciences
Volume Number	77
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14209055
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Basel
Publisher Date	2015-06-05
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Salzach catchment Alpine rivers Historical ecology Fish community changes Log driving Freshwater & Marine Ecology Marine & Freshwater Sciences Oceanography Ecology Life Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Aquatic Science Water Science and Technology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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