NDLI: Preconditioning of an underflow during ice-breakup in a subarctic lake

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Forrest, Alexander L. Andradóttir, Hrund Ó. Laval, Bernard E.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	The fate of inflows into lakes has been extensively studied during summer stratification but has seen relatively little focus during the weak winter stratification, with or without ice-cover. Field observations are presented of groundwater inflow into a shallow bay of a subarctic lake. Atmospheric forcing of the bay during the study period was extremely variable and coincided with spring ice-cover break-up. Two dominant wind regimes were identified; (1) weak wind-forcing (wind speed <5 m s−1 or land-fast ice-cover), and (2) strong wind-forcing (wind speed >5 m s−1 and open water). At a relatively constant temperature of ~3.3°C, the groundwater inflow was closer to the temperature of maximum density than the water in the main body of the lake, which during the observed winter stratification is ~1.2°C. During weak wind-forcing, the stratification within Silfra Bay approximated two-layers as this denser groundwater formed a negatively buoyant underflow. A calculated underflow entrainment rate of 2.8 × 10−3 agrees well with other underflow studies. During strong wind-forcing, the water column out to the mouth of the bay became weakly stratified as the underflow was entrained vertically by wind-stirring. Observed periods of mixing can be predicted to occur when turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) production by wind stirring integrated over the underflow hydraulic residence time in the bay exceeds the potential energy associated with the stratification. A decrease of ice cover, as observed in the studied subarctic lake over the last decade, will result in the underflow being more frequently exposed to the strong wind-forcing regime during winter, thereby altering the winter distribution of groundwater inflow within the lake.
Starting Page	361
Ending Page	374
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10151621
Journal	Aquatic Sciences
Volume Number	74
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14209055
Language	English
Publisher	SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
Publisher Date	2011-09-03
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Underflow Shallow water Ice-cover Wind regimes Entrainment Subarctic lake Thingvallavatn Autonomous underwater vehicle Ecology Life Sciences Oceanography Marine & Freshwater Sciences Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Aquatic Science Water Science and Technology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Sediment characteristics and wind-induced sediment dynamics in shallow Lake Markermeer, the Netherlands

The baroclinic response to wind in a small two-basin lake

The role of non-prevailing wind direction on resuspension and redistribution of sediments in a shallow lake

Wind-induced sediment resuspension as a potential factor sustaining eutrophication in large and shallow Lake Peipsi

Physics of seasonally ice-covered lakes: a review

Phosphorus sources and demand during summer in a eutrophic lake

Sediment resuspension in two adjacent shallow coastal lakes: controlling factors and consequences on phosphate dynamics

Recent trends in Lake Ladoga ice cover

Lake metabolism scales with lake morphometry and catchment conditions

Preconditioning of an underflow during ice-breakup in a subarctic lake

Similar Documents

Sediment characteristics and wind-induced sediment dynamics in shallow Lake Markermeer, the Netherlands

The baroclinic response to wind in a small two-basin lake

The role of non-prevailing wind direction on resuspension and redistribution of sediments in a shallow lake

Wind-induced sediment resuspension as a potential factor sustaining eutrophication in large and shallow Lake Peipsi

Physics of seasonally ice-covered lakes: a review

Phosphorus sources and demand during summer in a eutrophic lake

Sediment resuspension in two adjacent shallow coastal lakes: controlling factors and consequences on phosphate dynamics

Recent trends in Lake Ladoga ice cover

Lake metabolism scales with lake morphometry and catchment conditions

Preconditioning of an underflow during ice-breakup in a subarctic lake