NDLI: Doubly Stochastic Earthquake Source Model: “Omega-Square” Spectrum and Low High-Frequency Directivity Revealed by Numerical Experiments

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Doubly Stochastic Earthquake Source Model: “Omega-Square” Spectrum and Low High-Frequency Directivity Revealed by Numerical Experiments

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gusev, A. A.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Since its formulation in 1967–1970, the classical ω −2 model of earthquake source spectrum awaits a consistent theoretical foundation. To obtain one, stochastic elements are incorporated both into the final structure of the fault and into the mode of rupture propagation. The main components of the proposed “doubly stochastic” model are: (1) the Andrews’s concept, that local stress drop over a fault is a random self-similar field; (2) the concept of rupture with running slip pulse, after Heaton; (3) the hypothesis that a rupture front is a tortuous, multiply connected (“lacy”) fractal polyline that occupies a strip of finite width close to the slip-pulse width; and (4) the assumption that the propagation distance of fault-guided, mostly Rayleigh waves from a failing spot on a fault is determined by the slip-pulse width. Waveforms produced by this model are determined based on the fault asperity failure model after Das and Kostrov. Properties of the model are studied by numerical experiments. At high frequency, simulated source spectra behave as ω −2, and acceleration spectra are flat. Their level, at a given seismic moment and rms stress drop, is inversely related to the relative width of the slip pulse. When this width is relatively low, a well-defined second corner frequency (lower cutoff of acceleration spectrum) is seen. The model shows clear dependence of propagation-related directivity on frequency. Between the first and the second corner frequency, amplitude spectra are strongly enhanced for the forward direction; whereas, above the second corner frequency, directivity is significantly reduced. Still, it is not inhibited totally, suggesting incomplete incoherence of the simulated radiator at high frequencies.
Starting Page	2581
Ending Page	2599
Page Count	19
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00334553
Journal	Pure and applied geophysics
Volume Number	171
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	14209136
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Basel
Publisher Date	2014-02-11
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Self-similar random stress drop field fractal acceleration slip pulse random rupture front frequency-dependent directivity Geophysics/Geodesy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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Doubly Stochastic Earthquake Source Model: “Omega-Square” Spectrum and Low High-Frequency Directivity Revealed by Numerical Experiments

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