NDLI: Weak Zone Related Seismic Cycles in Progressive Failure Leading to Collapse in Brittle Crust

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Tang, Chun an Huang, Mingli Zhao, Xingdong
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Until quite recently our understanding of the basic mechanical process responsible for earthquakes and faulting was not well known. It can be argued that this was partly a consequence of the complex nature of fracture in crust and in part because evidence of brittle phenomena in the natural laboratory of the earth is often obliterated or obscured by other geological processes. While it is well understood that the spatial and temporal complexity of earthquakes and the fault structures emerge from geometrical and material built-in heterogeneities, one important open question is how the shearing becomes localized into a band of intense fractures. Here we address these questions through a numerical approach of a tectonic plate by considering rockmass heterogeneity both in microscopic scale and in mesoscopic scale. Numerical simulations of the progressive failure leading to collapse under long-range slow driving forces in the far-field show earthquake-like rupture behavior. En Echelon crack-arrays are reproduced in the numerical simulation. It is demonstrated that the underlying fracturing induced acoustic emissions (or seismic events) display self-organized criticality—from disorder to order. The seismic cycles and the geometric structures of the fracture faces, which are found greatly depending on the material heterogeneity (especially on the macroscopic scale), agree with that observed experimentally in real brittle materials. It is concluded that in order to predict a main shock, one must have extremely detailed knowledge on very minor features of the earth's crust far from the place where the earthquake originated. If correct, the model proposed here seemingly provides an explanation as to why earthquakes to date are not predicted so successfully. The reason is not that we do not understand earthquake mechanisms very well but that we still know little about our earth's crust.
Starting Page	2319
Ending Page	2328
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00334553
Journal	Pure and applied geophysics
Volume Number	160
Issue Number	12
e-ISSN	14209136
Language	English
Publisher	Birkhäuser-Verlag
Publisher Date	2003-01-01
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Brittle failure damage seismicity nonlinearity heterogeneity
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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