NDLI: Simulating Z–LWC Relations in Natural Fogs with Radiative Transfer Calculations for Future Application to a Cloud Radar Profiler

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Maier, F. Bendix, J. Thies, B.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	The vertical distribution of liquid water content (LWC) in natural fog and low stratus is a crucial variable in many applications, e.g. the development of satellite based retrievals of ground fog. Unfortunately, there is very little data concerning fog LWC-profiles, mainly due to the lack of suitable operational instrumentation. A novel ground-based 94 GHz FMCW cloud radar could fill this gap if radar reflectivity Z could be converted to LWC by using appropriate Z–LWC relations. However, this relation strongly depends on drop size distribution (DSD) and is hardly known for natural fog types. In this sensitivity study, the influence of the DSD on the Z–LWC relation in different types and life cycle stages of natural fogs is analyzed using a radiative transfer code (RTC) and published fog drop size distributions. It could be shown that there is a direct but nonlinear relationship between LWC and radar reflectivity. The proportionality factor of the Z–LWC equation in particular reveals specific ranges for the different life cycle stages. If a proper classification of fog life cycle in the field is possible, the results could be used to properly convert Z to LWC.
Starting Page	793
Ending Page	807
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00334553
Journal	Pure and applied geophysics
Volume Number	169
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14209136
Language	English
Publisher	SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
Publisher Date	2011-05-19
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Fog low stratus cloud radar radiative transfer modified gamma distribution Geophysics/Geodesy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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