NDLI: Modeling Seismic Attributes of Pn Waves using the Spectral-Element Method

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bakir, Ali C. wack, Robert L.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	To investigate the nature of Pn propagation, we have implemented the spectral-element method (SEM) for vertically and laterally varying media with and without attenuation. As a practical measure, essential features of the Pn waves are distilled into seismic attributes including arrival times, amplitudes and pulse frequencies. To validate the SEM simulations, we first compare the SEM results with reflectivity calculations of Braile and Smith (Geophys. J.R. Astr. Soc. 40, 145–176, 1975) and then to the asymptotic results of Červený and Ravindra (Theory of Seismic Headwaves, University of Toronto Press, pp. 235–250, 1971). Models with random, laterally varying Moho structures are then simulated, where the amplitude and pulse frequency characteristics are found to be stable to small Moho interface perturbations. SEM calculations for models with different upper-mantle velocity gradients are next performed where it is found that interference effects can strongly influence the Pn amplitudes and pulses frequencies. For larger-scale, laterally varying structures, SEM models similar to that found along the Hi-CLIMB array in Tibet are then performed. It is observed that large-scale structures, along with small-scale structures, upper-mantle velocity gradients and attenuation, can all significantly affect the Pn attributes. Ambiguities between upper-mantle velocity gradients and attenuation are also found when using Pn amplitudes and pulse frequency attributes. These ambiguities may be resolved, to some degree, by using the curvature of the travel times at longer regional distance, however, this would also be complicated by lateral variability.
Starting Page	1539
Ending Page	1556
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00334553
Journal	Pure and applied geophysics
Volume Number	169
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	14209136
Language	English
Publisher	SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
Publisher Date	2011-09-23
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Seismic Pn Waves seismic attributes spectral-element method Geophysics/Geodesy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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