NDLI: Structure and function of biotin-dependent carboxylases

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Tong, Liang
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Biotin-dependent carboxylases include acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase (MCC), geranyl-CoA carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase (PC), and urea carboxylase (UC). They contain biotin carboxylase (BC), carboxyltransferase (CT), and biotin-carboxyl carrier protein components. These enzymes are widely distributed in nature and have important functions in fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, polyketide biosynthesis, urea utilization, and other cellular processes. ACCs are also attractive targets for drug discovery against type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer, microbial infections, and other diseases, and the plastid ACC of grasses is the target of action of three classes of commercial herbicides. Deficiencies in the activities of PCC, MCC, or PC are linked to serious diseases in humans. Our understanding of these enzymes has been greatly enhanced over the past few years by the crystal structures of the holoenzymes of PCC, MCC, PC, and UC. The structures reveal unanticipated features in the architectures of the holoenzymes, including the presence of previously unrecognized domains, and provide a molecular basis for understanding their catalytic mechanism as well as the large collection of disease-causing mutations in PCC, MCC, and PC. This review will summarize the recent advances in our knowledge on the structure and function of these important metabolic enzymes.
Starting Page	863
Ending Page	891
Page Count	29
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1420682X
Journal	Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Volume Number	70
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14209071
Language	English
Publisher	SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
Publisher Date	2012-08-07
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Fatty acid metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Amino acid metabolism Metabolic syndrome Obesity Diabetes Cancer Drug discovery Antibiotics Propionic acidemia 3-methylcrotonylglycinuria Lactic acidemia Cell Biology Biomedicine general Life Sciences Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Molecular Biology Molecular Medicine Pharmacology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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