NDLI: Adaptation in the innate immune system and heterologous innate immunity

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Martin, Stefan F.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The innate immune system recognizes deviation from homeostasis caused by infectious or non-infectious assaults. The threshold for its activation seems to be established by a calibration process that includes sensing of microbial molecular patterns from commensal bacteria and of endogenous signals. It is becoming increasingly clear that adaptive features, a hallmark of the adaptive immune system, can also be identified in the innate immune system. Such adaptations can result in the manifestation of a primed state of immune and tissue cells with a decreased activation threshold. This keeps the system poised to react quickly. Moreover, the fact that the innate immune system recognizes a wide variety of danger signals via pattern recognition receptors that often activate the same signaling pathways allows for heterologous innate immune stimulation. This implies that, for example, the innate immune response to an infection can be modified by co-infections or other innate stimuli. This “design feature” of the innate immune system has many implications for our understanding of individual susceptibility to diseases or responsiveness to therapies and vaccinations. In this article, adaptive features of the innate immune system as well as heterologous innate immunity and their implications are discussed.
Starting Page	4115
Ending Page	4130
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1420682X
Journal	Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Volume Number	71
Issue Number	21
e-ISSN	14209071
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Basel
Publisher Date	2014-07-06
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Heterologous immunity Innate immunity Adjuvant T cell Inflammation Contact dermatitis Cell Biology Biomedicine general Life Sciences Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Molecular Biology Molecular Medicine Pharmacology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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