NDLI: Induction and maintenance of self tolerance: the role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bala, Kamalesh K. Moudgil, Kamal D.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	The immune system responds vigorously to invading pathogens (non-self, foreign), while remaining unresponsive (tolerant) to the body’s own components and circulating constituents (self). This indifference to self components is a result of finely orchestrated events of thymic negative selection (central tolerance) of developing T cells that are autoaggressive combined with those operative in the periphery (peripheral tolerance) to control the activity of potentially autoreactive T cells that escaped thymic tolerance. Recently, autoimmune regulator expressed in the thymus has been identified as a critical mediator of central tolerance towards tissue-specific antigens. In the periphery, a variety of regulatory T cells are involved in effecting tolerance. There is immense interest and excitement about the newly identified subset of CD4+CD25+ T cells. This is a unique subset of CD4+ T cells that bear CD25 (IL-2Rα chain) on the cell surface in the naïve state and express FoxP3 as a unique marker. These cells suppress the activity of autoreactive effector T cells primarily via cell-cell contact. The deficiency and/or altered function of CD4+CD25+ T cells is associated with autoimmunity. Mice deficient in FoxP3 (scurfy mice) bear an autoimmune phenotype, and human males with mutations in the corresponding gene express the phenotype of wide-spread autoimmunity, the immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy and enteropathy, and X-linked syndrome. In vitro expansion of antigen-specific CD4+CD25+ T cells and their adoptive transfer into patients suffering from autoimmunity is emerging as a promising new therapeutic approach for these debilitating disorders.
Starting Page	307
Ending Page	321
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0004069X
Journal	Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
Volume Number	54
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	16614917
Language	English
Publisher	Birkhäuser-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-10-06
Publisher Place	Basel
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	tolerance regulatory T cells CD4+CD25+ T cells autoimmunity Immunology Pharmacology/Toxicology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Immunology

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