NDLI: Black-Box Constructions of Protocols for Secure Computation

Content Provider	Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM)
Author	Lindell, Yehuda Petrank, Erez Ishai, Yuval Kushilevitz, Eyal Haitner, Iftach
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	In this paper, we study the question of whether or not it is possible to construct protocols for general secure computation in the setting of malicious adversaries and no honest majority that use the underlying primitive (e.g., enhanced trapdoor permutation) in a black-box way only. Until now, all known general constructions for this setting were inherently non-black-box since they required the parties to prove zero-knowledge statements that are related to the computation of the underlying primitive. Our main technical result is a fully black-box reduction from oblivious transfer with security against malicious parties to oblivious transfer with security against semihonest parties. As a corollary, we obtain the first constructions of general multiparty protocols (with security against malicious adversaries and without an honest majority) which make only a black-box use of semihonest oblivious transfer, or alternatively a black-box use of lower-level primitives such as enhanced trapdoor permutations or homomorphic encryption. In order to construct this reduction we introduce a new notion of security called privacy in the presence of defensible adversaries. This notion states that if an adversary can produce (retroactively, after the protocol terminates) an input and random tape that make its actions appear to be honest, then it is guaranteed that it learned nothing more than its prescribed output. We then show how to construct defensible oblivious transfer from semihonest oblivious transfer, and malicious oblivious transfer from defensible oblivious transfer, all in a black-box way.
Starting Page	225
Ending Page	266
Page Count	42
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00975397
DOI	10.1137/100790537
e-ISSN	10957111
Journal	SIAM Journal on Computing (SMJCAT)
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	40
Language	English
Publisher	Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Publisher Date	2011-03-10
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	theory of cryptography Data encryption oblivious transfer black-box reductions Cryptography secure computation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Mathematics Computer Science

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