NDLI: Position-Based Cryptography

Content Provider	Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM)
Author	Moriarty, Ryan Ostrovsky, Rafail Goyal, Vipul Chandran, Nishanth
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	In this paper, we initiate the theoretical study of cryptographic protocols where the identity, or other credentials and inputs, of a party are derived from its geographic location. We start by considering the central task in this setting, i.e., securely verifying the position of a device. Despite much work in this area, we show that in the vanilla (or standard) model, the above task (i.e., of secure positioning) is impossible to achieve, even if we assume that the adversary is computationally bounded. In light of the above impossibility result, we then turn to Dziembowski's bounded retrieval model (a variant of Maurer's bounded storage model) and formalize and construct information theoretically secure protocols for two fundamental tasks: secure positioning and position-based key exchange. We then show that these tasks are in fact universal in this setting---we show how we can use them to realize secure multiparty computation. Our main contribution in this paper is threefold: to place the problem of secure positioning on a sound theoretical footing; to prove a strong impossibility result that simultaneously shows the insecurity of previous attempts at the problem; and to present positive results showing that the bounded-retrieval framework is a fruitful one to study the foundations of position-based cryptography.
Starting Page	1291
Ending Page	1341
Page Count	51
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00975397
DOI	10.1137/100805005
e-ISSN	10957111
Journal	SIAM Journal on Computing (SMJCAT)
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	43
Language	English
Publisher	Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Publisher Date	2014-07-16
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	cryptographic protocols extractors Data encryption secure positioning bounded retrieval model Cryptography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Mathematics Computer Science

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