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Caring and Sharing: Democratic imaginaries in question
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Abrams, Simone Alvehus, Johan Dahlström, Carl Sjölander-Lindqvist, Annelie |
| Copyright Year | 2017 |
| Abstract | Johan Alvehus & Gustaf Kastberg First teacher – actions and strategies This article is about professions in transformation and the empirical case is the teaching profession. More specifically, it is about an attempt to strengthen the profession by introducing a new career step, first teachers. The aim of the study is to scrutinize what first teachers do and how they establish the position in the school system. What we observe is a range of activities, but that it differs between teachers in different settings to what extent they engage in new activities. A preliminary interpretation is that the introduction of first teachers helps strengthening the teacher profession at a collegial level. The empirical investigation was carried out in a qualitative longitudinal study. Carl Dahlström & Mikael Holmgren The Link between Appointments and Appropriations in the Politics of Administrative Design In this paper, we analyze the relationship between political control of agency decision-making and the size of agency budgets. Scholars of bureaucratic and distributive politics have respectively highlighted how political leaders can use personnel management and resource allocation to advance their agendas: with the power of appointment, they can influence the policy priorities of unruly bureaucrats; and with the power of the purse, they can funnel resources towards favored constituencies. We argue that political decisions about agency appointments and appropriations can be understood as part of the same general delegation process, with political leaders strategically matching responsive personnel and prioritized resources across policy issues and over time. To buttress this conjecture, we examine four decades worth of data from the Swedish central bureaucracy, covering all agency appropriations and leadership appointment between 1971 and 2014, and show that agencies systematically receive more generous allocations when the appointing and appropriating governments are from the same ideological bloc. We thereby affirm the strategic considerations highlighted by previous works in both bureaucratic and distributive politics, but also shed new light on how the appropriations and appointment processes are linked. Tine Ustad Figenschou, Magnus Fredriksson, Heidi Houlberg Salomonsen & Josef Pallas Mediatization in Translation – The Nordic Experience What do similarities and differences between media systems and politico administrative systems in Denmark, Norway and Sweden mean for how mediatization is translated an unfolds in government agencies? Mediatization highlights transformations of the interactions between media and organizations. The concept captures the challenges organizations in public sectors encounter when they are about to handle changes not only in the media system, but also in the politicoadministrative settings. Early research on mediatization often regarded organizations’ adaptions to media’s norms, values, principles and working routines as strategic process that unfolds alongside rather generic pathways. However, recent efforts suggest that these processes are better understood if we pay attention to how mediatization is interpreted and translated in relation to local circumstances and prerequisites. The argument put forward in this conceptual paper is that processes of mediatization are embedded both in local contexts into which mediatization is translated, and in the institutional conditions residing at the level of media systems and politicoadministrative regimes. Regarding the former the Nordic countries broadly falls within the same Nordic media system, whereas there are distinctive differences when the latter are considered. Having this perspective as a point of departure our paper aims to identify central conditions that might be theorized as affecting the translations of mediatization into and within government agencies in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. In particular, we are interested in how similarities and differences between the administrative systems in these countries influence the way mediatization unfolds. Here we pay attention to three central characteristics – formal organizing, degree of autonomy and level of competition. Julia Nordblad The Changing Temporalities of Inte ́re ̂t Ge ́ne ́ral: French Forest Politics 1827–1848 The character of climate change temporality – wicked, non-linear, (so far) slow paced, lagging yet irreversible and stretching thousands of years into the future – has risen the stakes of the issue of political conceptions of the long-term. This paper takes on an historical example of how the long-term has been politically conceived, represented and legitimized. The case is specific and small-scale: a time-limited French law restricting clear-cutting of forests that was in effect between 1827 and 1848. As an historical object of study, forest politics concentrate some of the central temporal aspects of the climate crisis of our time. Since trees grow slowly, politicians and administrations are necessarily faced with the long-term when discussing forest policy. The forest has its own unrushed temporality and throughout history, politicians have grappled with the challenge of turning that organic and material long-termism into political time. In the 19th century, forests were also believed to affect both the weather locally and the water supply regionally. Therefore, historians have discussed a 19th century climate concept in this context. The 1827 law against clear-cuttings was recurrently debated during the time it was in effect, and in this debate subtle conceptual changes can be observed. One such change is the way in which the temporality implied in the concept intérêt général (general interest) – an important and highly contested concept at the time – was extended during the two decades of the debate. In the 1830s, the law restricting forest owners’ rights was debated mainly with arguments referring to the present. The intére ̂t ge ́néral was often related to the effects it had on the climate. In the late 1840s the use of the concept changed. The intére ̂t général was now often evoked as a matter of future citizens and of the long-term, calling for protection from the shortsighted intérêt particulier of the landowners. This paper describes the changing temporality of intérêt ge ́néral and discusses it in relation to a general radicalization of political rhetoric during the 1830s and 40s. Finally, it is argued that the different concepts of general interest in this period mirror diverging views on such fundamental issues as human driving forces, the demarcation line between economy and politics, and the mechanics of political representation. Annelie Sjölander-Lindqvist, Camilla Sandström, Jani Pellikka, Juha Hiedanpää, Ketil Skogen, Olve Krange Between politics and management: Governing Large Carnivores in Fennoscandia It is widely acknowledged that socio-cultural and political dimensions are as influential as the biophysical environment for the effective management of human-wildlife interactions. On one hand, managing the complex socio-ecological conflicts over the presence of large carnivores and disagreement about the burdens and benefits of conservation initiatives without destroying neither wildlife nor human viability and welfare. On the other hand, managing requires a delicate balance between local concerns for rural communities’ survival and property vulnerability alongside with international concerns for saving threatened species. Environmental collaborative governance, mostly in terms of decentralization and inclusion of stakeholders, has therefore increasingly become advocated as a useful way of handling conflicting goals, balancing different interests and reconciling local concerns without compromising wildlife population viability. The three countries in Fennoscandia— Finland, Norway, and Sweden—are no exception. In all three countries new approaches to large carnivore management have emerged since 2000, including some elements of collaborative governance. By comparing three cases of environmental collaborative governance that have been initiated to promote large carnivore recovery amidst many human land uses, this chapter synthesize and advance knowledge on the challenges, incentives for and constraints on collaborative governance. In the proposed chapter 1) we compare the policies and institutional design in Fennoscandian countries to explore each model’s capacity to find a balance between different interests and demands. We also 2) compare how different stakeholders and communities of interest and practice perceive, conceptualize and understand their participation in decentralized large carnivore management. We analyse the contextual and implicit framings in terms of selections, attributions of meaning, and normativity. Anna Thomasson Hybridization of public services and its consequences for transparency and control Background and research question: In focus of this paper is the role and behavior of the board of directors in hybrid arrangements. Especially interesting is how the relationship between members of the board and internal and external stakeholders influence how the members of the board interpret and manage in the hybrid context. Hybrid organizations are generally considered as organizations that blend characteristics from more than one type of organization and/or sector (public, private and third sector). Because hybrid organizations operate in more than one sector and have adopted characteristics from more than one type of organization, they are influenced by stakeholders with often contradictory expectations and demands. Previous research on hybrid organizations has focused mainly on defining the phenomenon and its characteristic, i.e. structural issues. Until now few studies have investigated how the ambiguous context and the conflicting demands from stakeholders influence how members of the organization interpret and manage the hybrid context, |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://static1.snowfire.io/accounts/14377/files/102.pdf?t=omws9b |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
