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Glutamate-mediated glial injury: mechanisms and clinical importance.
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Matute, Carlos Domercq, María Sánchez-Gómez, María-Victoria |
| Copyright Year | 2006 |
| Abstract | Primary and/or secondary glial cell death can cause and/or aggravate human diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Like neurons, glial cells are vulnerable to glutamate insults. Astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes express a wide variety of glutamate receptors and transporters that mediate many of the deleterious effects of glutamate. Astrocytes are responsible for most glutamate uptake in synaptic and nonsynaptic areas and consequently, are the major regulators of glutamate homeostasis. Microglia in turn may secrete cytokines, which can impair glutamate uptake and reduce the expression of glutamate transporters. Finally, oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the CNS, are very sensitive to excessive glutamate signaling, which can lead to the apoptosis or necrosis of these cells. This review aims at summarizing the mechanisms leading to glial cell death as a consequence of alterations in glutamate signaling, and their clinical relevance. A thorough understanding of these events will undoubtedly lead to better therapeutic strategies to treat CNS diseases affecting glia and in particular, those that involve damage to white matter tracts. |
| Starting Page | 8 |
| Ending Page | 8 |
| Page Count | 1 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.ehu.eus/neurobiology/data/Matute-et-al-2006-Glia.pdf |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.ehu.es/neurobiology/data/Matute-et-al-2006-Glia.pdf |
| PubMed reference number | 16206168v1 |
| Volume Number | 53 |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| Journal | Glia |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Anoxia Apoptosis Astrocytes Brain Ischemia CNS disorder Cell Death Cell Survival Cell secretion Cessation of life Chronic disease Cleaved cell Cumulative Trauma Disorders Glutamate Receptor Glutamic Acid Hearing Loss, High-Frequency Illness (finding) Immune Tolerance Kainate Leukomalacia, Periventricular Membrane Transport Proteins Microglia Mitochondrial Diseases Monobactams Necrosis Neoplasms Nerve Degeneration Neurodegenerative Disorders Neuroglia Neuroprotective Agents Oligodendroglia Oxidative Stress Pharmacology Plasma membrane Receptor Activation Process Receptors, Kainic Acid SLC1A2 wt Allele SLC2A1 wt Allele Tetracycline Antibiotics Transient Ischemic Attack Traumatic injury White matter glutamate homeostasis nervous system disorder topiramate |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
