Loading...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Similar Documents
Dietary regulation of essential fatty acid metabolism and membrane phospholipid composition.
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Copyright Year | 1990 |
| Abstract | A comprehensive treatise on the extent and type of modification which can be elicited by changes in the composition of diet, particularly the fatty acid composition, on the phospholipid fatty acid content o f mammalian cell membranes is beyond the scope of this brief, rather eclectic, perspective. For a more complete and detailed understanding readers are referred to a number of excellent reviews ([ 1-61 and thc other presentations in this Colloquium). Essential fatty acids (EFA) are specific polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for which both man and animals have an obligatory dietary requirement. EFA deficiency results in physiological disorders and has been implicated in the aetiology of coronary vascular disease (CVD) [7-Y]. Three major familics o f PUFA occur in mammalian metabolism: ti 9, t i 6 and ti 3. Parent members of these distinct, non-interconvcrtible families of fatty acids are oleic acid ( 18: 1 , t i Y), linoleic acid ( 18 : 2, i i 6; LA) and a-linolenic acid ( 18 : 3, n 3). They can be metabolized in mammalian tissues by a series of desaturation and elongation reactions to yield longer-chain members of the respective families. Only members o f the n 6 and n 3 families are regarded as EFA; long-chain 11-9 PUFA cannot alleviate symptons of EFA deficiency. The ‘true‘ EFA are the initial members of the t i 6 and ti 3 families, LA and a-linolenic acid; all others arc derived from them in sifii. The AY-, A6-, and ASdesaturases which catalyse the desaturations are membranebound extrinsic and immunological distinct proteins bound to the cytoplasmic surface of the endoplasmic reticular membranes by hydrophobic ‘tails’ [ 10, 1 11. The active complex consists of a short, membrane-bound electron-transport chain, flavoproteins (NADH-cytochrome h, reductase and NADPH-cytochrome 1’-450), cytochrome h, and the terminal dcsaturases 161; NADH or NADPH provide a source of electrons with molecular oxygen as the electron acceptor [6]. Long-chain PUFA derived from these desaturase reactions are primarily esterified in the sn-2 position of bilayer phospholipids of mammalian cell membranes. Incorporation of dietary PUFA, including EFA, into membrane phospholipids, withour prior modification by desaturases, also occurs. The extent to which specific EFA are incorporated into membrane phospholipids is determined by complex interactions, competitive and otherwise, between dietary |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.biochemsoctrans.org/content/ppbiost/18/5/775.full.pdf |
| PubMed reference number | 2083672v1 |
| Volume Number | 18 |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| Journal | Biochemical Society transactions |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Apnea Body tissue Cardiovascular Diseases Catalysis Cellular Phone Electrons Fatty Acids, Essential Fatty Acids, Omega-6 Flavoproteins Fucosidase Deficiency Disease Lactic acid Linoleic Acid Linolenic Acid Mammals Metabolic Process, Cellular NADH Oleic Acid Oxidants Oxygen Phospholipids Plasma membrane Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Review [Publication Type] TE06 Tetrahydrocannabinol Tissue membrane Vascular Diseases desaturase fatty acid metabolism |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
