Cross-Reactive CD8 T Cell Responses and Heterologous Immunity During Acute Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: a Dissertation

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Clute, Shalyn Catherine
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	A person is exposed to many pathogens throughout their lifetime, and with the resolution of each infection, there remains a pool of pathogen-specific immune cells that protect that person from re-infection with the same pathogen. However, there is a great deal of evidence to suggest that the pool of pathogen-specific memory cells can also participate in the immune response to future infections with unrelated pathogens. Many believe T cells to be cross-reactive in nature because of their interaction with self antigens during development in the thymus and their interaction with foreign antigens once in the periphery. There are many features of the interaction between a T cell and its ligand that facilitate this cross-reactive nature. Based on solved crystal structures relatively few contacts are required for a stable interaction, and that interaction is often mediated by the flexible CDR3 loops of the T cell receptor that accommodate ligands of varous structure. There is also evidence in the murine and human systems that subsets of virus-specific memory CD8 T cells take on an activated phenotype upon infection with an unrelated virus. In murine models , these memory T cell subsets could kil target cells secrete several cytokines, and proliferate in response to a cross-reactive stimulation suggesting that a cross-reactive T cell response could impact the outcome of a viral infection. In fact, upon heterologous infection, mice immune to a previous virus were often protected, having lower titers of the second unrelated virus, their epitope-specific and T cell receptor repertoires were often skewed, and they were more prone to immunemediated pathologies. All of these observations coincided with the presence of crossreactive T cell responses. Thus, we define heterologous immunity as changes in viral
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
DOI	10.13028/074x-wh26
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=gsbs_diss
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=gsbs_diss
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://doi.org/10.13028/074x-wh26
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article