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Les contraintes à la valorisation écotouristique du Parc National des ïles Ehotilé (Littoral sud est de la Côte d'Ivoire)
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Kouakou, Guy |
| Copyright Year | 2010 |
| Abstract | Under the pressure of the environmental financiers and within the framework of the reform of its conservation policy of the protected areas, the Côte d’Ivoire State decided to preserve, to valorize spaces protected by the ecotourist approac h. The first field of experiment of this approach was the National Park of Islands Ehotilé. But decade after the implementation of this policy, thi s initiative has difficulty in being set up. The question is to know what are the determining fa ctors of failure of the process of ecotourist exploitation in the PNIE? To answer this question, this research, approached according to a multidisciplinary approach, suggests studying the progress of two experiences o f ec tourism in the PNIE (A project introduced by the WWF and financed by the English c ooperation, and an other, set up by a local NGO financed by the Global Environment Facili ty), to identify and analyze the factors of inhibition of the ecotourist process in this par k. Analyses (quantitative and qualitative) were made f rom the data collected in ten waterside villages of the PNIE, through structured or semi-st ructured interview. These conversations also concerned the state departments (in charge of the preservation and of the tourism), the local authorities, the local administrators, the in itiators of projects. We also proceeded to the consultation of several sources of documentation. The obtained results show that the material, legal and institutional conditions were not performed at the time of the political decision-mak ing of implementation of the approach of preservation by the ecotourism. In a general way, t he hotel, road infrastructures, the sociosanitary equipments inside and outside are of infer ior quality even non-existent. The tourist development (no observation, runways, landing stage ) inside the park has been lacking. It was revealed also no promotional support (advertising, web site, etc.) exists to sell the PNIE. At the legal and institutional level, the legal and i stitutional requirements are on straddle between those mobilized by the actors of the touris m and those used by the actors of the preservation without synergy between these two grou ps of participants. The results also allowed to highlight the existence of a multitude of participants in interaction in and the periphery of the PNIE, characterized by ifferences of interests and logics of action as much at the level of the priorities of actions as means of carrying out the ecotourist exploitation of the PNIE. What was lacking in the a ttempt of putting in ecotourism of this park, it is the capacity to make compatible these d iff rences of interests and logics of action, and the possibility of coordinating them. Our study also revealed differences of vision and r epresentations towards the resources of the PNIE in the attempt of putting in ecotourism of thi s park. These differences concern the ancestral dimension, as well as the use values of t his protected space. These conflicts are indicator of an elaboration and an inadequate manag ement of the mechanism of ecotourist production in connection with the non-inclusion of the diverse social representations mobilized by the various actors of the projects. Be sid s, the convergences of representations mentioned with the actors concern "myths". The myth of the “ancestralité” bases itself on the ancestral link of the local residents with the isla nds of the park and appears for the promoters of the projects of ecotourist development as the el em nt which has to justify the membership of the local populations. There is also a mythical version of the natural potentialities of the park which bases itself on the presence of exceptio nal species that " we do not find somewhere else ". The myth of the tourism as the ve ctor of protection and development was also indicated. The problem is that, in the process of ecotourist valuation, the participants do not question any more these mythical versions mobil ized around the PNIE. The latter appear for these participants as an obvious fact; not arou sing question, they are not really worked to become resources. Finally, the results showed that the attempt of dev elopment of the ecotourism in the PNIE is marked by a governance, in terms of piloting of t he projects -, characterized by a series of uninsured coordinations or which are failing. The e cotourist projects tended to push aside or to make a weak place to the actors responsible for the park, to the actors of the territorial administration and to the actors of the tourism. In political terms, it was missing a space of coordination and piloting of this coordination. After all, recommendations are made to revitalize a nd strengthen the conditions of implementation and management of experiences of eco tourism in the PNIE and generally in the parks of Côte d’Ivoire. These recommendations w ould aim at improving the questions connected to the organizational, regulatory aspects and of planning. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://bictel.ulg.ac.be/ETD-db/collection/available/ULgetd-06042013-152951/unrestricted/These_KOUAKOU.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
