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Inventing needs : expertise and water supply in late eighteenth-and early nineteenth-century paris
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Graber, Frédéric |
| Copyright Year | 2007 |
| Abstract | The aim of this paper is to investigate the notion of need, in this case an entire city’s global need for water. This was a notion invented by Paris technicians between 1760 and 1804 in the context of several water supply projects, notably two river diversion schemes, those of the Yvette and the Ourcq, where the concept was much discussed. Different ways of considering the question of needs -such as water resources, consumption and use, whether present or future- where strongly related to engineers’ or scientists’ conceptions of their own work. State engineers claimed they could make objective estimates of future needs with no reference to either value judgments or political intentions, a position which made it possible to keep engineer working outside the state corps claimed that the case of expertise about the future, estimates would depend strongly on political intentions, norms and ideals, so the government should first give an outline of its intended actions. The paper studies the difference between this two approaches to the concept of need, especially how they articulate knowledge about what “is” and know ledge about what “ought to be”, present and future. The paper ends by linking thess differences to conceptions of what was supposed to be technical or political in such projects and what the role engineers intended to play in decision-making process. |
| Starting Page | 315 |
| Ending Page | 332 |
| Page Count | 18 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.1017/S000708740700979X |
| Volume Number | 40 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://ed.droit.unistra.fr/uploads/media/Conference_ENGEES_-_Article_de_reference_-_11_juin_2015.pdf |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://doi.org/10.1017/S000708740700979X |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
