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Radón y sus efectos en la salud en trabajadores de minas de uranio
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Aicardi-Carrillo, Gonzalo Asmat-Inostrosa, Marita Del Pilar Barboza-Rangel, Yanelly |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | espanolIntroduccion: El radon es un gas presente en subsuelo, especialmente en minas de uranio, que produce consecuencias sobre la salud, entre las que destaca el cancer de pulmon. En EEUU es la segunda causa de mortalidad por esta enfermedad. Pese a la fuerte relacion causal no existe normativa especifica europea de regulacion en mineros. Objetivos: Identificar el efecto del radon y sus derivados sobre la salud de los trabajadores de minas de uranio; describir la asociacion entre exposicion a radon y a otros minerales sobre la salud y asociacion entre radon y consumo de tabaco. Metodologia: Realizamos una revision bibliografica de literatura publicada entre 2007 y 2014, en bases de datos biomedicas, utilizando los criterios de inclusion y exclusion previamente establecidos. Resultados: Se revisan 32 articulos, encontrando un aumento significativo de cancer pulmonar (SMR-2.03, IC95% 1.96-2.10), incluso a dosis bajas (300-WLM) asi como otros canceres (laringe, gastrico, hepatico y leucemia) y enfermedades cerebrovasculares, controlando posibles factores de confusion (tabaco, silicosis, cuarzo y arsenico) no encontrando relacion significativa ni sinergias. Conclusion: Existe asociacion entre la exposicion al radon y cancer pulmonar en minas de uranio, con un periodo medio de latencia de 20 anos, determinado por la dosis de radon y el tiempo de exposicion. No se ha demostrado riesgo de desarrollar otros tipos de tumores, y los estudios que lo sugieren son poco consistentes. EnglishIntroduction: Radon is a gas that can be found underground, particularly in uranium mines, and which has consequences on health, namely lung cancer. It is the second cause of mortality for this disease in the United States. In spite of the strong causal relationship between both elements, there are no specific European regulations concerning miners. Objectives: To identify the effect of radon and its derivatives on the health of uranium mine workers; to describe the association between exposure to radon and other minerals and health as well as the association between radon and tobacco consumption. Methods: We perform a bibliographic review of the literature that has been published from 2007 to 2014 in different biomedical databases, using previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: 32 articles were reviewed and a significant increase of lung cancer was observed (SMR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.96-2.10) even for low doses (WLM: 300) as well as other types of cancer (laryngeal, gastric and hepatic cancer and leukemia) and cerebrovascular diseases, after adjusting for other confounding factors (tobacco consumption, silicosis, exposure to quartz and arsenic) in which no significant associations or synergies were found. Conclusion: There is an association between exposure to radon and lung cancer in uranium mines, with an average latency period of 20 years, determined by the dose of radon and the time of exposure. We did not find risk of developing other types of tumors, and the studies that suggest this hypothesis are inconsistent. |
| Starting Page | 86 |
| Ending Page | 98 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.4321/s0465-546x2015000100009 |
| Volume Number | 61 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/mesetra/v61n238/en_revision1.pdf |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/mesetra/v61n238/revision1.pdf |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2015000100009 |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
