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Education on Human Centered Design Using Virtual Environment
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Ogi, Tetsuro |
| Copyright Year | 2010 |
| Abstract | Recently, the importance of human centered design is often pointed out in various manufacturing fields. However, it has not been practiced enough as a design method in the actual product design. In this study, conventional CAD system and virtual reality environment were connected and they were applied to the design education in the graduate school. In this framework, the user can perform kansei and emotional evaluation based on the sense of body in the virtual environment as well as analyze the shape and structure of the designed model using the CAD system. This framework was applied to the class of design education, and the effectiveness and the problem were evaluated through the task of designing chair. From the result, though the integration such as transmitting or sharing data between both tools was not realized enough, this system could effectively be used to evaluate the shape and the size of the designed model based on the sense of body, and the effectiveness for the education on human centered design was shown. INTRODUCTION Recently, in the developments of various products, improvement of function has been saturated, and not the addition of new functions but the improvement of usability has been required. That is, the evaluation of whether this product can easily be used by the user or it can be attractive for the user has become important. However, though the importance of such a concept of human centered design based on the human engineering or the emotional engineering is often pointed out [1][2], it is not necessarily practiced enough in the actual product design. In order to practice this concept effectively in the actual product design, it is necessary that the framework of human centered design is constructed as design environment and the designer learns this concept as a methodology. Therefore, in this study, the human centered design environment that uses the virtual reality technology was constructed and this framework was applied to the class of design education in the graduate school. This paper describes the concept and the construction of the framework of human centered design environment that uses the virtual reality environment, and the design education in which this framework was used. HUMAN CENTERED DESIGN USING VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT In the product design, it is generally difficult to consider the usability-based specification based on kansei and emotional engineering as well as the conventional function-based specification simultaneously. For example, though the functional specification must be defined before making the product, the usability specification cannot be evaluated correctly without looking at or using the actual product. Therefore, the function-based design and the usability-based design often cause the contradiction in the specification, or the usability is evaluated after the process of the functional design. In these cases, the processes of functional design and usability design would be performed mutually and repeatedly, and the whole of the design process would become inefficient. This study aims at constructing the framework of design environment that uses the conventional CAD tool and the advanced virtual space, so that both specifications can easily be integrated. The virtual reality technology enables the user to experience the design model with high quality of presence by using the interactive three dimensional image without making an actual product [3][4]. Therefore, the designer can evaluate the usability from the user's viewpoint by visualizing the design model in the virtual space as well as design the shape and the structure based on the functional specification using the CAD tool. In this case, it is expected that the functional design and the usability design can be integrated and an efficient design is 1 Copyright © 2010 by ASME Proceedings of the ASME 2010 Inter tional Design Engineering Technical Conf rences & i i i I / I A gust 15-18, 2 10, Montreal, Qu bec, C n da realized by sharing the data between each environment or facilitating the user's movement between them. CONSTRUCTION OF DESIGN ENVIRONMENT In this study, the human centered design environment was constructed by connecting the conventional CAD system and the advanced virtual reality display system. As a CAD system for the functional design, CATIA V5 of Dassault Systemes was used. CATIA was installed in the IBM BladeCenter HC10 workstation blade, and ten IBM CP20 workstation connection devices were used as terminals. Therefore, ten designers are able to use CATIA simultaneously using these terminals, and the design data are stored on the shared disk so that they can access their own data from each terminal. CATIA V5 is a highend three-dimensional CAD system, and various functions such as weight and center of gravity calculation, assembly analysis, deformation and stress analysis, cost calculation, etc. are provided in addition to the basic function of shape design [5]. Moreover, CAVE-type immersive projection display named K-Cave was used as a usability design environment that utilized the virtual reality technology [6]. K-Cave is a multiscreen display that has front screen (2.10mx2.63m), left screen (2.10mx2.10m), right screen (2.10mx2.10m) and floor screen (2.10mx2.63m) as shown in Figure 1. Eight NEC NP2150J liquid crystal projectors are used to project four stereo images through the circular polarizing filters. The images projected onto the four screens are rendered as three-dimensional stereo images synchronously by using four graphics workstations Dell Precision T7400 (Dual Core Xeon 3.33GHz, NVIDIA Quadro FX3700x2), and then the user can experience the virtual world with wide field of view. Figure 1. K-Cave system The user's view position is measured with magnetic sensor Ascension Technology Flock of Birds, and the user can experience an interactive image that is generated in real time with the effect of motion parallax according to the movement of the user's viewpoint. In the K-Cave system, since the threedimensional full scale image is represented on the large screen, the user can evaluate the shape and the size of the visualized design model correctly based on the user's body sensation. Since the user's view position is measured in K-Cave, the number of the users is basically limited to one person. When the stereo image was used for the presentation in which large numbers of people can see it, large screen without tracking the user's view position would be effective. In this study, multi display environment CDF (Concurrent Design Facility) was used as a presentation environment [7]. Figure 2 shows the overview of the CDF system. This system consists of a 180inch center screen (Nippura Blue Ocean) and two 108-inch high definition LCD monitors (SHARP LB-1085). On the center screen, 4K stereo image is projected using stacked two 4K projectors (SONY SRX-S110). 4K means super high resolution image of 4,096 x 2,160 pixels, and its image quality is more than four times of the usual high-definition image. In order to generate 4K stereo image, two high-end graphics workstations Dell Precision T7400 (Quad Core Xeon 3.2GHzx2, NVIDIA Quadro Plex 1000 Model IV) are used. Since the 4K projector can also display four highdefinition divided images, the whole system of CDF can be used to display up to six high-definition images as multi screen display environment. Therefore, it is possible to use the CDF as a presentation environment in which various information such as the three-dimensional stereo image of the design model, the concept explanation using the PowerPoint slides, and the result of the structural analysis, etc. are displayed at the same time. Figure 2. CDF system In this study, the CATIA, the K-Cave and the CDF were connected through the local area network, so that the data can be shared freely among each system. In this case, since the computer environments were different among each system, the STL format data was used to share the data. The model data that was designed using the CATIA is stored as STL format data, and then it is used in the K-Cave and CDF systems. In the K-Cave system, STL data can be visualized using the special program of STL viewer. On the other hand, in the CDF system, STL data is visualized using the AVS/Express visualization 2 Copyright © 2010 by ASME software of Advanced Visual Systems Inc. and the Fusion VR of Fiatlux Corporation [8]. Thus, the design data can easily be shared among the CAD, VR and presentation environments using the common data form. Figure 3 shows the system configuration of the entire design environment. circular polarizing filter |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://lab.sdm.keio.ac.jp/ogi/papers/IDETC2010.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
